74.1 First World War - Introduction, and Treaty Of Berlin 1878

74.1 First World War - Introduction, and Treaty Of Berlin 1878


A summary of the main events from the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 to the beginning of the First World War in 1914


At the end of the nineteenth century the Balkans had multiple crises. The Treaty of Berlin 1878 was an attempt by the Great Powers of Europe to find a framework for stability in a region with various competing interests, many of them incompatible with each other. In effect, it created two spheres of influence in the Balkans: the Austrians’ in the west and the Russians’, together with the Serb allies, in the east.


No side, however, was satisfied with Treaty. The Bulgarians were furious at having been denied the larger territory which they had won in battle. And the Serbians harboured ambitions for their borders to be expand southwards to areas inhabited by fellow Slavs, but under control partly of the Ottoman and partly the Austrians.


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Music composed by Ludwig van Beethoven

Picture - Congress of Berlin

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83.4 Post WW1 Germany, President Hindenburg

83.4 Post WW1 Germany, President Hindenburg

President Ebert dies of illness, prompting a presidential election, which is won by the former WW1 military commander Paul von Hindenburg. International negotiations continue, culminating in the Treat...

5 Kesä 27min

83.3 Germany's Reparations Problems

83.3 Germany's Reparations Problems

Post World War One Germany Struggles to pay the reparations demanded in the Treaty of Versailles.Picture: President Ebert asked Gustav Stresemann, leader of the DVP party, who formed a government coal...

29 Touko 29min

83.2 Early Weimar Republic and Adolf Hitler

83.2 Early Weimar Republic and Adolf Hitler

The early years of Adolf Hitler as he becomes politically active and joins the Nazi party. Meanwhile the Weimar Republic struggles with harsh post-war conditions and attempted uprisings from both the ...

15 Touko 25min

83.1 Birth of the Weimar Republic

83.1 Birth of the Weimar Republic

After World War One, political upheaval in Germany leads to the overthrow of the German monarchy and establishment of a new republic based in the town of Weimar.Photo: Proclamation of Weimar Republic,...

8 Touko 29min

82.2 Fascism in Italy in 1920s

82.2 Fascism in Italy in 1920s

Mussolini consolidates his control of Italy, using a combination of intimidation, violence and occasional compromise to establish an authoritarian regime. He introduces a number of projects to boost I...

20 Maalis 27min

82.1 Rise of Fascism in Italy, Mussolini's March on Rome

82.1 Rise of Fascism in Italy, Mussolini's March on Rome

After World War One Italy suffered social unrest due to economic hardship and nationalism. Benito Mussolini led a new Fascist movement which took power in the March on Rome in October 1922Picture: Ben...

11 Maalis 25min

81.3 The Irish Civil War

81.3 The Irish Civil War

A delegation from Ireland meet the British and make an agreement for Irish autonomy but makes a compromise to keep under under the British Crown.The Irish break into two sides, one supporting the trea...

13 Helmi 25min

81.2 Irish War of Independence

81.2 Irish War of Independence

The Irish form a shadow government in opposition to the British, with their own courts and tax collections. Meanwhile, Irish volunteer fighters wage guerilla warfare against the British police force, ...

6 Helmi 28min

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