040 – Half-time in the investiture controversy
A History of Italy3 Tammi 2019

040 – Half-time in the investiture controversy

1077 - 1085 The investiture controversy heats up with an anti-king elected in Germany and an anti-pope elected by Henry IV who then take the fight against Gregory and Matilde down into Italy with the Normans of Robert Guiscard waiting in the wings.

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