193. Empire of Numbers: The Indian Origin of Arabic Numerals

193. Empire of Numbers: The Indian Origin of Arabic Numerals

Often called Arabic numerals, the modern number system we use today actually originates in India. Whilst in the west they were using Roman numerals, in India they were using numbers 1-9. Then, the great Brahmagupta in the 7th century made one of the most monumental developments in human history. He invented zero in its modern form. Therefore, these basic rules of mathematics for the first time allowed any number up to infinity to be expressed with just ten distinct symbols: the nine Indian numbers plus zero. Rules that are still taught in classrooms around the world today. This step was a major advance that had never previously been attempted elsewhere and it was this Indian reincarnation of zero as a number, rather than just as an absence, that transformed it and gave it its power. From India, this development then travelled along the Golden Road and into the heart of Barmakid Baghdad. Listen as William and Anita discuss the origins of the Empire of Numbers. To buy William's book: https://coles-books.co.uk/the-golden-road-by-william-dalrymple-signed-edition Twitter: @Empirepoduk Email: empirepoduk@gmail.com Goalhangerpodcasts.com Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett Producer: Callum Hill Exec Producer: Neil Fearn Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

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351. Camp David: The Day Israel & Egypt Made Peace (Part 6)

351. Camp David: The Day Israel & Egypt Made Peace (Part 6)

**Binge the entire series ad-free by joining the Empire Club at empirepoduk.com** In November 1977, Egyptian President Sadat shocked the entire Arab world by boarding a flight to Israel. After refusi...

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350. 1973: The Yom Kippur War & The First Oil Crisis (Part 5)

350. 1973: The Yom Kippur War & The First Oil Crisis (Part 5)

**Binge the entire series ad-free by joining the Empire Club at empirepoduk.com** How did the oil crisis totally transform the wealth of the Gulf states and alter the power balance of the Middle East...

13 Huhti 41min

What Is Life Like For Palestinians Under Occupation?

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William is joined by Raja Shehadeh, the leading Palestinian writer, lawyer and human rights activist, to discuss his experience of living under Israeli occupation in the West Bank. Raja describes how...

9 Huhti 35min

349. Occupation of The West Bank (Part 4)

349. Occupation of The West Bank (Part 4)

What happened to the Palestinians who chose not to flee the West Bank in 1967? How did Israel use old British and Ottoman laws to seize land and control the occupied territory? And what happened in Jo...

8 Huhti 48min

348. How 1967 Changed The Middle East Forever (Part 3)

348. How 1967 Changed The Middle East Forever (Part 3)

How did The Six-Day War redraw the map of the Middle East and establish Israel as a regional superpower? How did the catastrophic Arab defeat unleash a new wave of armed Palestinian resistance? Did th...

6 Huhti 53min

Jung Chang On Life Under Mao & Being Banned From China

Jung Chang On Life Under Mao & Being Banned From China

To listen to the full bonus episode, join the Empire Club at empirepoduk.com. Wild Swans author, Jung Chang, joins William to discuss her family’s harrowing experiences during Mao’s Cultural Revoluti...

2 Huhti 19min

347. The Six Day War (Part 2)

347. The Six Day War (Part 2)

**Listen to the first 4 episodes of the series today by joining the Empire Club at empirepoduk.com.** How did Israel defeat the armies of Egypt, Jordan and Syria in just six days in 1967? Why did Egy...

1 Huhti 50min

346. From Suez To The Palestinian Liberation Organisation (Part 1)

346. From Suez To The Palestinian Liberation Organisation (Part 1)

**Listen to the first 4 episodes of the series today by joining the Empire Club at empirepoduk.com.** What was the Arab Cold War, and how did it violently divide the Middle East in the 1950s and 60s?...

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