74.1 First World War - Introduction, and Treaty Of Berlin 1878

74.1 First World War - Introduction, and Treaty Of Berlin 1878


A summary of the main events from the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 to the beginning of the First World War in 1914


At the end of the nineteenth century the Balkans had multiple crises. The Treaty of Berlin 1878 was an attempt by the Great Powers of Europe to find a framework for stability in a region with various competing interests, many of them incompatible with each other. In effect, it created two spheres of influence in the Balkans: the Austrians’ in the west and the Russians’, together with the Serb allies, in the east.


No side, however, was satisfied with Treaty. The Bulgarians were furious at having been denied the larger territory which they had won in battle. And the Serbians harboured ambitions for their borders to be expand southwards to areas inhabited by fellow Slavs, but under control partly of the Ottoman and partly the Austrians.


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Music composed by Ludwig van Beethoven

Picture - Congress of Berlin

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Episoder(247)

82.2 Fascism in Italy in 1920s

82.2 Fascism in Italy in 1920s

Mussolini consolidates his control of Italy, using a combination of intimidation, violence and occasional compromise to establish an authoritarian regime. He introduces a number of projects to boost I...

20 Mar 27min

82.1 Rise of Fascism in Italy, Mussolini's March on Rome

82.1 Rise of Fascism in Italy, Mussolini's March on Rome

After World War One Italy suffered social unrest due to economic hardship and nationalism. Benito Mussolini led a new Fascist movement which took power in the March on Rome in October 1922Picture: Ben...

11 Mar 25min

81.3 The Irish Civil War

81.3 The Irish Civil War

A delegation from Ireland meet the British and make an agreement for Irish autonomy but makes a compromise to keep under under the British Crown.The Irish break into two sides, one supporting the trea...

13 Feb 25min

81.2 Irish War of Independence

81.2 Irish War of Independence

The Irish form a shadow government in opposition to the British, with their own courts and tax collections. Meanwhile, Irish volunteer fighters wage guerilla warfare against the British police force, ...

6 Feb 28min

81.1 War of Irish Independence - Background

81.1 War of Irish Independence - Background

In January 1919 a group of recently elected Sinn Fien MPs gathered in Dublin. There they proclaimed the establishment of an Irish Republic and adopted a ‘Declaration of Independence’, which asserted I...

30 Jan 20min

80.1 Europe After World War One

80.1 Europe After World War One

An overview of the situation across Europe after World War One. The Treaty of Versailles. The post-war division of territories. The German Revolution and the question of financial reparations.Picture:...

2 Jan 27min

79.4 Birth of Turkey 1922

79.4 Birth of Turkey 1922

Conclusion of the Turkish National Struggle 1919-1922. Mustafa Kemal, later known as Ataturk, leads the Turkish Nationalists against the armies of Greece.The Battle of Sakarya River between the Turks ...

31 Okt 202525min

79.3 Turkish National Struggle 1919-1922

79.3 Turkish National Struggle 1919-1922

Turkish National Struggle 1919-1922The Ottoman Empire emerges defeated from World War One. The Entente Allies impose harsh conditions in the armistice whereby the Ottomans lose most of their territory...

25 Okt 202530min

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