The Battle of Alesia, 52 B.C., Besieged While Besieging, Rome Takes Gaul

Caesar’s crushing defeat of the united Gallic tribes cemented Roman dominance over Gaul for the next five centuries, transforming the region into a cornerstone of the Empire’s might. Yet, this triumph carried a darker legacy. The immense glory and power Caesar amassed from his conquests ignited a fierce rivalry with the Roman Senate, setting him on a collision course with the Republic itself. His next great campaign would not be against foreign foes, but against Rome—his own motherland. Ales...