Geography 101 in its fourth season, featuring Estonia the northernmost of the Baltic States.

Estonia’s landscape is dominated by forests and lakes. Nearly half the country is covered by dense woodlands, making it a haven for outdoor enthusiasts. The bogs, wetlands, and national parks preserve pristine ecosystems that feel untouched by time. Lahemaa National Park is particularly famous for its coastal villages and manors. Estonia’s natural beauty invites visitors to slow down and reconnect with nature.

The Estonian people take pride in their language, which belongs to the Finno-Ugric family, closely related to Finnish. This sets Estonia apart from its Baltic neighbors, whose languages are Indo-European. Estonian is filled with rhythm and melody, and its preservation became a symbol of independence. Folk songs are treasured, and the country hosts massive song festivals. Music is more than entertainment—it is national identity.

Estonia’s “Singing Revolution” of the late 1980s is legendary. Tens of thousands gathered in Tallinn to sing forbidden patriotic songs under Soviet rule. These peaceful protests shook the foundations of the Soviet Union. By 1991, Estonia regained independence, thanks to the courage of its people and the power of culture. It is a reminder that unity and art can overcome oppression.

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