Let's Combinate - Pharma + Medical Devices with Subhi Saadeh15 Heinä

246 - The 3 Ways to Structure a Quality Management System (Centralized vs. Federated vs. Decentralized)

Most discussions about One QMS focus on harmonization.

But before deciding whether a single global Quality Management System is the right approach, it's worth understanding the three primary ways organizations structure a QMS.

In this episode, I compare centralized, decentralized, and federated (hybrid) Quality Management System models, including the trade-offs of each in terms of ownership, standardization, flexibility, governance, and decision-making.

We also walk through how the document hierarchy typically differs across each model—from the Quality Policy and Quality Manual to standards, SOPs, work instructions, and records—and discuss why governance often has a greater impact on success than the operating model itself.

Timestamps

00:00 Why "One QMS" Is Trending

01:33 The Three Primary QMS Models

01:50 Centralized QMS

02:01 Decentralized QMS

02:28 Federated (Hybrid) QMS

03:50 Comparing the Document Hierarchy

04:14 Centralized Document Structure

05:04 Decentralized Document Structure

05:22 Federated Standards, SOPs, and Governance

06:50 The QMS Tree: Philosophy, Governance, and Execution

08:20 Why Governance Matters More Than the Model

Subhi Saadeh is a quality professional, consultant, auditor, and trainer who specializes in drug-device combination products, medical devices, pharmaceutical quality systems, supplier quality, and lifecycle management. Through Let’s Combinate, he helps pharmaceutical and medical device teams bridge the gap between drug and device quality, regulatory expectations, and practical execution.

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258 - Combination Product Quality: Human Factors, CDMO Scorecards, ISO 14971 vs. ICH Q9, with Ben Locwin

Combination product quality with Ben Locwin: why drug and device quality systems differ, how human factors studies are designed, what to do when a CDMO's clean audit doesn't match its performance, and...

12 Loka 34min

257 - 21 CFR Part 4 Explained: CGMP Requirements for Combination Products

21 CFR Part 4 sets the CGMP requirements for combination products. If your product has a drug and a device in it, you're on the hook for both sets of regulations. In this video, I walk through Part 4 ...

5 Loka 12min

256 - The New FDA Inspection Playbook: Where to Start with QMSR

QMSR became effective on February 2, 2026. Alongside that change, FDA retired the Quality System Inspection Technique (QSIT) and began using the inspection process described in Compliance Program 7382...

28 Syys 9min

255 - Audit Interview Techniques: How Good Auditors Get Better Evidence

A huge part of the job is knowing how to interview people, understand how work is actually performed, and corroborate what you hear against records, observations, and other objective evidence.In this ...

21 Syys 11min

254 - Saying No Is the Easy Part of Quality

Quality has a reputation for saying no.Sometimes that’s exactly the right call. Other times, “no” is just the easiest answer.In this episode, Subhi breaks down four situations where Quality should abs...

13 Syys 12min

253 - FDA Is Making Big Changes to Its Inspection Approach

FDA is changing how it organizes and deploys its investigators but it isn’t simply returning to the old generalist model.Eric Pittman spent more than 20 years at FDA, conducted approximately 800+ insp...

7 Syys 45min

252 - Acceptance Sampling Fundamentals: AQL, Attributes vs Variables, and Risk (OC Curves)

Acceptance sampling is one of the most commonly used and commonly misunderstood tools in quality.In this video, I break down the fundamentals of acceptance sampling: what it is, what an AQL actually m...

31 Elo 13min

251 - The Future of Drug Delivery: Orals, Injectables, Sustainability & Device Strategy

In this episode, Subhi Saadeh sits down with Steven Kaufman, Founder of Combination Product Solutions, Inc. and fractional Chief Commercial Officer at Portal Instruments, to discuss where the drug del...

24 Elo 49min