Episode 80. Agrippina the Younger: Mother of an Emperor

Works Cited Primary Sources

Cassius Dio. Roman History, especially Books 59, 60, and 61. Greek narrative incorporating the developed hostile tradition. Particularly useful for the late-Claudian and early-Neronian political background.
Pliny the Elder. Natural History, 7.71. The principal reference to Agrippina's own writing about her family.
Suetonius. Life of Caligula, Life of Claudius, and Life of Nero. Substantial material on Agrippina across all three biographies. Generally consistent with the hostile tradition Tacitus preserves, with additional emphasis on sexual material.
Tacitus. Annals, especially Books 11 through 14. The principal narrative source for Agrippina's political career from the late Claudian period through the matricide. The matricide narrative is preserved at 14.1 through 14.13. The memoir reference is at 4.53.
The contemporary inscriptional and numismatic material. Coins from 50 CE onward depicting Agrippina alongside Claudius, and from late 54 and 55 CE depicting her alongside Nero, preserve substantial direct evidence of her political position that is independent of the literary hostile tradition.

Secondary Sources

Barrett, Anthony A. Agrippina: Sex, Power, and Politics in the Early Empire. Yale University Press, 1996. The standard modern scholarly biography. The framework of this episode owes substantial debts to Barrett's analysis.
Ginsburg, Judith. Representing Agrippina: Constructions of Female Power in the Early Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2006. The major scholarly treatment of the historiographical question that Part Seven of this episode engages.
Hemelrijk, Emily. Matrona Docta: Educated Women in the Roman Élite from Cornelia to Julia Domna. Routledge, 1999. The standard treatment of female intellectual culture in the imperial period, with substantial material on Agrippina's memoir and its place in the broader tradition.
Wood, Susan E. Imperial Women: A Study in Public Images, 40 BC to AD 68. Brill, 1999. Important work on the visual and material culture of imperial women, including substantial analysis of the Agrippina coinage and portraiture.

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