Dusko Popov, Agent Tricycle: The Pearl Harbor Microdot Hoover Ignored

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Dušan "Dusko" Popov was born in 1912 in Titel, then Austria-Hungary, into a family whose fortune spanned factories, mines, banking and real estate. He was expelled from an English school after four months for snapping a teacher's cane, then studied law at the University of Freiburg, where Nazi students rigged the debates at the foreign students' club. His friend Johnny Jebsen, the club president, leaked him the topics, and Popov's speeches and Belgrade newspaper articles mocked the regime. In 1937 the Gestapo jailed him for eight days until his father reached Yugoslavia's prime minister, who lobbied Hermann Göring. Jebsen met his train in Switzerland, and Popov promised him any favor.

In 1940 Jebsen, now with the Abwehr, recruited him, and Popov went straight to Clement Hope at the British legation. As the double agent Tricycle he fed curated truths to his German handlers in Lisbon. In 1941 the Germans sent him to the United States with a microdot questionnaire that devoted a full page to Pearl Harbor. He gave it to the FBI on August 12, 1941, but J. Edgar Hoover distrusted him and threatened him under the Mann Act. Back at the Casino Estoril, Ian Fleming watched him. He later fed the Fortitude deception before D-Day.

His code names were Dusko to the Yugoslavs, Ivan to the Germans and Tricycle to the British.
He borrowed 10,000 pounds from French actress Simone Simon in 1942 and never repaid it.
When the Gestapo arrested Jebsen in 1944, MI6 froze Popov out and would not authorize a rescue, and Jebsen was murdered.
His 1974 memoir Spy, Counterspy invented scenes, but declassified files confirmed the core of his work.
He died in France in 1981 at 69 after years of heavy drinking and smoking.

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