How Fat Man and Little Boy Ended World War II and Started the Nuclear Age

Fat Man and Little Boy were the codenames for the two types of nuclear weapons that the United States detonated over Japan in August 1945, ending World War II.

Fat Man was an implosion-type bomb that used plutonium as its fissile material. It was dropped from a B-29 bomber named Bockscar on the city of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, killing an estimated 40,000 people instantly and another 40,000 by the end of the year. The bomb had a yield of about 21 kilotons of TNT2

Little Boy was a gun-type bomb that used uranium as its fissile material. It was dropped from a B-29 bomber named Enola Gay on the city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, killing an estimated 70,000 people instantly and another 70,000 by the end of the year. The bomb had a yield of about 15 kilotons of TNT3

The names Fat Man and Little Boy were chosen by the scientists and engineers at Los Alamos Laboratory, who designed and built the bombs. The name Fat Man referred to the bomb’s wide, round shape, and was inspired by a character in the novel and film The Maltese Falcon.

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