Podcast #396: Oncologic Emergencies

Podcast #396: Oncologic Emergencies

Author: Rachel Brady, MD

Educational Pearls:

Hypercalcemia of malignancy:

  • Hypercalcemia of malignancy can present with lethargy, muscle weakness, hyperreflexia, altered mental status, cardiac dysrhythmias, and even cardiac arrest.
  • Treatment is based both on calcium level and symptoms
  • Intravenous rehydration is first line treatment
  • Other options include steroids, bisphosphonates and calcitonin.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

  • Occurs due to the breakdown of tumor cells after chemotherapy/radiation
  • Presents as hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia
  • Treatment is very similar to severe hypercalcemia - hydration with crystalloids
  • Hyperuricemia can be treated using rasburicase or allopurinol

References:

Ñamendys-Silva SA, Arredondo-Armenta JM, Plata-Menchaca EP, Guevara-García H, García-Guillén FJ, Rivero-Sigarroa E, Herrera-Gómez A. Tumor lysis syndrome in the emergency department: challenges and solutions. Open Access Emerg Med. 2015 Aug 20;7:39-44. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S73684. eCollection 2015. Review. PubMed PMID: 27147889; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4806807.

Zagzag J, Hu MI, Fisher SB, Perrier ND. Hypercalcemia and cancer: Differential diagnosis and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 Sep;68(5):377-386. doi: 10.3322/caac.21489. Epub 2018 Sep 21. Review. PubMed PMID: 30240520.

Summary by Travis Barlock, MS4 | Edited by Erik Verzemnieks, MD



Jaksot(1145)

Episode 951: Pediatric Febrile Seizures

Episode 951: Pediatric Febrile Seizures

Contributor: Taylor Lynch, MD Educational Pearls: Pediatric febrile seizures are defined as seizures that occur between the ages of six months to five years in the presence of a fever greater than o...

7 Huhti 20256min

Episode 950: Ultrasound Pulse Check During Cardiac Arrest

Episode 950: Ultrasound Pulse Check During Cardiac Arrest

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is used to assess cardiac activity during cardiac arrest and can identify potential reversible causes such as peric...

31 Maalis 20252min

Episode 949: Hoover's Sign

Episode 949: Hoover's Sign

Contributor: Travis Barlock, MD Educational Pearls: What is Hoover's sign used to identify? This physical exam maneuver differentiates between organic vs. functional (previously known as psychogenic...

24 Maalis 20251min

Episode 948: CYP Inducers and Inhibitors

Episode 948: CYP Inducers and Inhibitors

Contributor: Jorge Chalit-Hernandez, OMS3 Educational Pearls: CYP enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of many medications, drugs, and other substances CYP3A4 is responsible for the majorit...

17 Maalis 20253min

Episode 947: Hypercapnia

Episode 947: Hypercapnia

Educational Pearls: Physiologic stimulation of ventilation occurs through changes in levels of: Arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) Arterial oxygen (PaO2) Hypercapnia is an elevated level of CO2...

10 Maalis 20253min

Episode 946: Time to Defibrillation

Episode 946: Time to Defibrillation

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Quick background info Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops pumping blood for any reason. This is different from a heart attack in which the heart ...

3 Maalis 20252min

Episode 945: Ketorolac vs. Ibuprofen

Episode 945: Ketorolac vs. Ibuprofen

Contributor: Ricky Dhaliwal, MD Educational Pearls:  Ketorolac and ibuprofen are NSAIDs with equivalent efficacy for pain in the emergency department Oral ibuprofen provides the same relief as in...

24 Helmi 20253min

Episode 944: Colchicine Overdose

Episode 944: Colchicine Overdose

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Colchicine is most commonly used for the prevention and treatment of gout There is research investigating the anti-inflammatory and cardioprotect...

17 Helmi 20253min

Suosittua kategoriassa Tiede

tiedekulma-podcast
rss-mita-tulisi-tietaa
rss-poliisin-mieli
docemilia
radio-antro
rss-duodecim-lehti
rss-ammamafia
rss-sosiopodi
utelias-mieli
ihanat-ipanat
mielipaivakirja
filocast-filosofian-perusteet
rss-bios-podcast
rss-tiedetta-vai-tarinaa