Podcast 577:  Immunotherapies

Podcast 577: Immunotherapies

Contributor: Don Stader, MD

Educational Pearls:

  • Checkpoint inhibition normally helps our body detect abnormal cells and terminate it but cancerous cells often are able to avoid this countermeasure
  • Monoclonal antibodies that bind to checkpoint inhibitors can stop cancerous cells from turning off immunologic T cells and allows the immune system to continue to attack cancers.
  • These therapies carry risks of exacerbating autoimmune problems due to the ramped up immune response
  • Most often this autoimmune attack leads to skin and GI symptoms but can affect many other organ systems. In the emergency room this can present many different ways, but the mainstay of treatment is steroids to stop these exacerbations.
  • Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell Therapy is another immunotherapy where antigens to a cancerous cell are re-introduced to spur a directed immune response
  • Cytokine release syndrome can occur in these patients and mimic other presentations such as septic shock, a result of tumor break down
  • This is treated with steroids and monoclonal antibodies that help thwart the cytokine release

References

Hay, KA. Cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR-) T cell therapy. Br J Haematol. 2018 Nov;183(3):364-374. doi: 10.1111/bjh.15644. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Hryniewicki AT, Wang C, Shatsky RA, Coyne CJ. Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities: A Review and Clinical Guideline for Emergency Physicians. J Emerg Med. 2018;55(4):489-502. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.07.005

Summarized by Jackson Roos, MS4 | Edited by Erik Verzemnieks, MD

Jaksot(1145)

Podcast #227: CPR-Induced Consciousness

Podcast #227: CPR-Induced Consciousness

Author: Nick Hatch, M.D. Educational Pearls CPR-induced consciousness is a phenomenon that occurs when someone who was previously unconscious and is undergoing CPR regains consciousness and makes pur...

20 Heinä 20173min

Podcast #226: Biphasic Anaphylaxis

Podcast #226: Biphasic Anaphylaxis

Author: Sam Killian, M.D. Educational Pearls Anaphylaxis is common in the ED. These patients are treated and then usually watched for 4-6 hours. Biphasic happens in patients that have a complete reso...

18 Heinä 20173min

Podcast #225: Rhogam

Podcast #225: Rhogam

Author: Dylan Luyten, M.D. Educational Pearls Rhogam is commonly used when an Rh negative woman has an Rh positive fetus. It is commonly used in the ER in the setting of a miscarriage. Rh(+) fetal bl...

16 Heinä 20174min

Deep Dive #4: Pediatric Type I DKA

Deep Dive #4: Pediatric Type I DKA

Author: Justin Harper Justin Harper, a paramedic married to a pediatric nurse, discovered his own son had type I diabetes 2 years ago. Despite their medical experience, this diagnosis came as surprise...

14 Heinä 201747min

Brewcast Part VIII: Cannabis in Colorado

Brewcast Part VIII: Cannabis in Colorado

Author: Dr. Larry Wolk, Executive Director and Chief Medical Officer for the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Topic: Dr. Larry Wolk educates us on how cannabis has affected Colora...

9 Heinä 201717min

Brewcast Part VII: A Patient's Perspective on Medical Marijuana

Brewcast Part VII: A Patient's Perspective on Medical Marijuana

Authors: Don Stader, M.D. & Lauren Gibbs Topic: Lauren breaks the stoner stereotype and explains how marijuana has positively impacted her life.

8 Heinä 201720min

Brewcast Part VI: Synthetic Marijuana

Brewcast Part VI: Synthetic Marijuana

Author: Erik Verzemnieks, M.D. Topic: Erik speaks about how slightly altering the chemical composition of marijuana can create a drug with drastic effects on the human body. WARNING: Explicit Language

7 Heinä 201712min

Brewcast Part V: Researching Cannabis

Brewcast Part V: Researching Cannabis

Author: Sophie Yorkwilliams -B.A. (Psychology) -Dual Ph.D. Candidate, Clinical Psychology and Neuroscience. Expected graduation: 2020 Topic: Studying cannabis comes with its own set of challenges. Fin...

6 Heinä 201717min

Suosittua kategoriassa Tiede

tiedekulma-podcast
rss-mita-tulisi-tietaa
rss-poliisin-mieli
rss-duodecim-lehti
docemilia
filocast-filosofian-perusteet
rss-ammamafia
rss-luontopodi-samuel-glassar-tutkii-luonnon-ihmeita
rss-sosiopodi
utelias-mieli
radio-antro
rss-astetta-parempi-elama-podcast
rss-tiedetta-vai-tarinaa