Podcast 592:  Rapid Antihypertensives

Podcast 592: Rapid Antihypertensives

Contributor: Ramnik Dhaliwal, MD, JD

Educational Pearls:

  • Nitrates
    • Nitroprusside: becomes effective in under a minute, and becomes ineffective 10 minutes after stopping it.
      • Nitroprusside can metabolize into cyanide leading to toxicity, however this is rare.
    • Nitroglycerin: predominately causes vasodilation but some arterial dilation as well; preferred agent in patients with volume overload/CHF
  • Adrenergic Blocking Agents
    • Labetalol: alpha/beta-blocking agent with a rapid onset of 5 minutes or less given as bolus or intravenous drip
    • Esmolol: cardioselective beta blocker with rapid onset and short duration of action making it easily titratable
    • Hydralazine: direct arterial dilator; patient dependent response that can be unpredictable. Use with caution in patients with CAD or an aortic dissection because there will be a reflexive increase in heart rate to combat the arteriolar dilation.
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
    • Nicardipine: Given as an IV infusion starting at 5g/hr up to 15g/hr. This drug has a slower onset of action making it difficult to titrate and it has a longer serum elimination half-life (3-6 hours)
    • Clevidipine: rapid onset and short duration of action; Reduces BP without affecting cardiac filling pressures but can cause reflex tachycardia

References

)Wani-Parekh P, Blanco-Garcia C, Mendez M, Mukherjee D. Guide of Hypertensive Crisis Pharmacotherapy. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets. 2017;17(1):52-57. doi:10.2174/1871529X16666161220142020

Suneja M, Sanders ML. Hypertensive Emergency. Med Clin North Am. 2017;101(3):465-478. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2016.12.007

Maloberti A, Cassano G, Capsoni N, et al. Therapeutic Approach to Hypertension Urgencies and Emergencies in the Emergency Room. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev. 2018;25(2):177-189. doi:10.1007/s40292-018-0261-4

Summarized by Jackson Roos, MS4 | Edited by Erik Verzemnieks, MD



Jaksot(1145)

Podcast #208: Vocal Cord Dysfunction

Podcast #208: Vocal Cord Dysfunction

Author: Martin O'Bryan M.D. Educational Pearls: Vocal cord dysfunction can mimic other causes of stridor, such as asthma and upper airway obstruction. Patients are often very anxious because of the d...

24 Touko 20174min

Podcast #207: Boxer's Fracture

Podcast #207: Boxer's Fracture

Author: Sam Killian, M.D. Educational Pearls: Defined as fracture of neck (distal segment) of 5th metacarpal. Intrinsic muscles of hand pull segment to palmar aspect of hand. 30 degrees of angulation...

22 Touko 20174min

Podcast #206: Urethral Injuries

Podcast #206: Urethral Injuries

Author: Jared Scott, M.D. Educational Pearls: DDx for blood at urethral meatus includes: pelvic fracture, ruptured bladder, kidney laceration, penile trauma. Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG) must be perf...

20 Touko 20174min

Podcast #205: Post Cardiac Arrest Temperature Control

Podcast #205: Post Cardiac Arrest Temperature Control

Author: Michael Hunt, M.D. Educational Pearls: Research has shown that the higher temperatures post-cardiac arrests may lead to poorer outcomes. Initially, 33 deg C was the target temp. However, more...

18 Touko 20173min

Deep Dive #3: The New Standard in Stroke Treatment

Deep Dive #3: The New Standard in Stroke Treatment

Authors: Rebecca van Vliet MS, APN; Michelle Whaley MSN, CNS, CCNS, ANVP-VC The Stroke Team at Swedish Medical Center gives us a taste of how they are breaking records with door-to-needle time in man...

16 Touko 201738min

Podcast #204: Thoracotomy

Podcast #204: Thoracotomy

Author: Aaron Lessen M.D. Educational Pearls: Thoracotomy is a potentially life-saving procedure. However, outcomes are often poor and the procedure itself poses many risks to provider and patient....

14 Touko 20172min

Podcast #203: Wine, Milk and… Vaccines!?

Podcast #203: Wine, Milk and… Vaccines!?

Author: Dave Rosenberg M.D. Educational Pearls: Louis Pasteur developed the technique that is now known as pasteurization. It was first used in the wine-producing regions of France, and eventually in...

12 Touko 20174min

Podcast #202: Tide Pods

Podcast #202: Tide Pods

Author: Susan Brion M.D. Educational Pearls: Laundry and dishwasher detergent pods resemble candy and can be ingested by children. These tide pods are very highly concentrated and can cause chemical ...

10 Touko 20173min

Suosittua kategoriassa Tiede

tiedekulma-podcast
rss-mita-tulisi-tietaa
rss-poliisin-mieli
rss-duodecim-lehti
docemilia
radio-antro
filocast-filosofian-perusteet
rss-ammamafia
rss-luontopodi-samuel-glassar-tutkii-luonnon-ihmeita
rss-sosiopodi
utelias-mieli
rss-astetta-parempi-elama-podcast
rss-tiedetta-vai-tarinaa