The Energy of Empire 2. Hawaii - The Bayonet Constitution

Founder of the Annexation Club, Lorrin Thurston, organised a ‘Committee of Safety’ to overthrow Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani. Crucial to this effort was the presence of the USS Boston and 162 American Marines, who came ashore ostensibly to protect US citizens, but in reality ensuring the coup would be a success.

Sources: Stephen Kinzer’s Overthrow, America’s Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq

Documentary film, Hawaii: The Stolen Paradise

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