Episode 335: 334. Do Thicken Liquids Prevent Dysphagia?

Episode 335: 334. Do Thicken Liquids Prevent Dysphagia?

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is highly prevalent in hospitalized patients with Alzheimer disease or other dementias. These patients often are prescribed thick liquid diets

Makhnevich A et al. Thick liquids and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with Alzheimer disease and related dementias and dysphagia. JAMA Intern Med 2024 May 6; [e-pub].

Researchers conducted a retrospective propensity-matched analysis, ≈4500 patients with Alzheimer disease or other dementias who were hospitalized with clinical concern for dysphagia and received thick liquid diets and matched to ≈4500 patients who had received thin liquid diets.

Hospital mortality was similar in the two groups. Compared with patients who received thin liquids, those who received thick liquids were significantly less likely to be intubated (odds ratio, 0.7) but were significantly more likely to have respiratory complications, including pneumonia (OR, 1.7)

In this end you are preventing intubation by 30 percent but causing pna by 70% --- neither are good and neither is a clear winner

Rant on ‘what we know to be true’ and measure it

This large study supports a hypothesis that thick liquids minimize the volume of aspiration, which explains the decrease in intubations. However, thick liquids also are more difficult to clear from the airway when aspiration occurs, leading to more respiratory complications.

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Episode 393: 404. 3 quick articles you might want to know about (oral semaglutide, tiktok, and GLP1 thyroid cancer)

Episode 393: 404. 3 quick articles you might want to know about (oral semaglutide, tiktok, and GLP1 thyroid cancer)

GLP1 might cause thyroid cancer in mice but the evidence is drastically lacking in humansOral semaglutide is expensive for an NNT of 50 at 4 yrsTiktok videos of skin care are a scam

25 Kesä 202512min

Episode 392: 403. 3 Papers, 1 Podcast - One Guideline Changer

Episode 392: 403. 3 Papers, 1 Podcast - One Guideline Changer

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2834040amiloride is realistically equal to spironolactone for resistant HTNhttps://journals.lww.com/ajg/abstract/2025/05000/higher_rate_of_sponta...

16 Kesä 202514min

Episode 391: 402. Functional disability after clinically significant extracranial bleeding: a secondary analysis of ASPREE

Episode 391: 402. Functional disability after clinically significant extracranial bleeding: a secondary analysis of ASPREE

https://www.jthjournal.org/article/S1538-7836(25)00109-6/fulltextAntithrombotic agents, like aspirin and anticoagulants, are essential for treating many cardiovascular conditions. However, a common si...

5 Kesä 20257min

Episode 390: 401. Add-On Treatment With Zilebesiran for Inadequately Controlled Hypertension

Episode 390: 401. Add-On Treatment With Zilebesiran for Inadequately Controlled Hypertension

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2834632SummaryThe article examines the effectiveness and safety of zilebesiran, an RNA interference therapeutic agent, when used in combination w...

4 Kesä 20258min

Episode 389: 400. CRP, Lipoprotein A, LDL for cardiac risk assessment

Episode 389: 400. CRP, Lipoprotein A, LDL for cardiac risk assessment

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2405182?query=recirc_Semantic  Key Takeaways Extended Predictive Value of Biomarkers: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), LDL cholesterol, and lipop...

29 Touko 20259min

Episode 388: 399. Use of albumin-adjusted calcium measurements in clinical practice

Episode 388: 399. Use of albumin-adjusted calcium measurements in clinical practice

Desgagnés N et al. Use of albumin-adjusted calcium measurements in clinical practice. JAMA Netw Open 2025 Jan 21; 8:e2455251. (https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.55251)Overall, total calcium...

27 Touko 20257min

Episode 387: 398. Which is Better, Tirzepatide or Semaglutide?

Episode 387: 398. Which is Better, Tirzepatide or Semaglutide?

https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2416394At 72 weeks, the mean percentage decrease in weight was significantly greater with tirzepatide than with semaglutide (20% vs. 14%). Gastrointestinal side ...

21 Touko 20258min

Episode 386: 397. What is the new drug for smoking cessation?

Episode 386: 397. What is the new drug for smoking cessation?

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2832701In this multisite trial, 800 adults who smoked 10 or more cigarettes daily (mean duration of smoking, ≈35 years) were randomize...

9 Touko 20255min

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