64.2 Russo-Turkish War 1788 and the Reforms of Joseph II

64.2 Russo-Turkish War 1788 and the Reforms of Joseph II

The Origins of the French Revolutionary Wars can be dated to 17th August 1787, when in Constantinople the Ottomans arrested the Russian ambassador Count Bulgakov in the Topkapi palace, and declared war on St Petersburg. Catherine the Great had deliberately provoked the Turks and now dragged in the reluctant Austrians into the war. The Austrian Emperor was Joseph II, the archetypal enlightened despot, who worked hard to reform his empire but from the top down. His reforms provoked the so-called Brabantine Revolution 1789-90 in the Netherlands which was similar in some ways to the contemporary French Revolution.


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Music from Joseph Haydn (Symphony 94, 'Surpise'), Christoph Gluck (the opera 'Iphigenie En Tauride') and Mozart (the Turkish March), courtesy of www.musopen.org


Picture - January Suchodolski - the Siege of Ochakov 1788

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15.1 The Battle of Manzikert 1071

15.1 The Battle of Manzikert 1071

In 1071 the Byzantine Empire, weakened by the mismanagement of a series of weak emperors, suffered a catastrophic defeat at the hands of the Seljuk Turks, newly arrived in the region.www.historyeurope...

29 Maalis 201531min

14.2 The Battle of Hastings 1066, Part 2

14.2 The Battle of Hastings 1066, Part 2

The newly crowned King of England, Harold Godwinson faced two invasions within days, firstly from the viking Harold Hardrada in the north, and then William Duke of Normandy on the south coast. This is...

1 Maalis 201527min

14.1 The Battle of Hastings 1066, Part 1

14.1 The Battle of Hastings 1066, Part 1

The most famous battle on English soil in 1066, between the Normans and Anglo-Saxons. Part 1 gives a summary of English and Norman history leading up to that fateful yearwww.historyeurope.net Hosted o...

22 Helmi 201521min

13.4 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 4

13.4 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 4

In the first half of the eleventh century, the Normans gained much territory in Italy but in so doing had made many enemies. In 1054 Pope Leo IX brought together a force of Lombards, Germans and Byzan...

25 Tammi 201524min

13.3 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 3

13.3 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 3

The Normans arrive in Italy first as pilgrims on their way to the Holy Land, then as mercenaries. It is not long before they begin to acquire territories and titles on the peninsula in their own right...

18 Tammi 201517min

13.2 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 2

13.2 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 2

The popes of the eleventh and early twelfth century were hardly living by the standards set by their religion. In spite of this this they still enjoyed considerable reverence among the leaders of Chri...

11 Tammi 201518min

13.1 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 1

13.1 The Battle of Civitate 1053 AD, Part 1

During the next four podcasts I will tell the history of Italy from between the fall of Rome up until 1053, the year of an important battle between Pope Leo IX and Norman invaders of Italy. These cent...

30 Joulu 201422min

12.1 The Battle of Kleidion 1014 AD

12.1 The Battle of Kleidion 1014 AD

A focus on southeastern Europe. The history of early Bulgaria and its relationship with the Byzantine Empire, often one of peace and cultural exchange, but also involving military conflict including t...

30 Marras 201428min

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