220: Ramesses II Dead Sea to Galilee

Why did the Old Kingdom disappear? Was it an overnight "collapse," or something more long term? In this episode, and the next, we explore the question in overview. This chapter focusses on the historical sources including King Lists, Classical authors like Herodotos and Manetho, and the fragmentary evidence for some of the "shadow kings" of this period… Chronology and Historical Studies: Overview of all sources and scholarship at Pharaoh.se. M. Baud, ‘The Relative Chronology of Dynasties 6 and 8’, in E. Hornung et al. (eds), Ancient Egyptian Chronology (2006), 144—158. Available in pdf at Digital Giza. J. von Beckerath, Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen (1999). W. Helck, ‘Anmerkungen zum Turiner Königspapyrus’, Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 19 (1992), 150–216. English translation available at Pharaoh.se. R. J. Leprohon, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary (2013). Available at Internet Archive. K. Ryholt, ‘The Turin King-List’, Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant 14 (2004), 135—155. The History of Egypt Podcast: Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments. Music and interludes by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.net. Logo image: The damaged visage of Pepy II from his pyramid at South Saqqara (Jéquier 1936). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

3 Maalis 201431min

A Long, Long Reign. King Pepy ruled more than sixty years, by some estimates. In his later years, this long reign was becoming an issue. The aging monarch was losing influence, and his children were dying before he did... Date c. 2240 - 2220 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Select Bibliography: Toby H. Wilkinson, The Egyptian World, 2007. Fekri A. Hassan, “Droughts, Famine and the Collapse of the Old Kingdom: Re-reading Ipuwer,” in The Archaeology of Ancient Egypt – Essays in Honor of David B. O’Connor, 2007. Juan Carlos Moreno García (editor), Ancient Egyptian Administration, 2013 (Sample Article). The University of Chicago – Tell Edfu Project. Saqqara.nl – The Pyramid of Pepy II. Swiss Archaeological Mission, Sudan – Kerma. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

30 Joulu 201325min

Ruling the World. King Pepy ruled long and his authority reached far and wide. To understand Egyptian society in this period, we must meet the important families (nobility) who served Pepy, and see how their actions shape our understanding of history... Date c.2260 - 2240 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Logo image: Miniature Brewing Vat, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/543893. Select Bibliography: Deborah Vischak, Community and Identity in Ancient Egypt: The Old Kingdom Cemetery at Qubbet el-Hawa, 2014 (Google Books): 225-238. Ancient Egypt Online – Pepy II William Kelly Simpson (editor), The Literature of Ancient Egypt, 2003. Nicolas Grimal, A History of Egypt, 1994. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

4 Marras 201319min

The Child King. Around 2285 BCE, a new ruler came to power. King Pepy II was a little boy, just six years old. His reign would be one of the longest, and most impactful, in the Old Kingdom... Date c.2285 - 2260 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Select Bibliography: Ian Shaw (editor), The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, 2004. William Kelly Simpson (editor), The Literature of Ancient Egypt, 2003. Nicolas Grimal, A History of Egypt, 1994. Ancient Egypt Online – Pepy II. National Geographic – Pyramid of Pepy II. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

21 Loka 201319min

Interview recorded 2024. How does copper cut stone? Martin Odler specialises in ancient Egyptian technology. Specifically, the manufacture and use of metal in tools and industry. In this interview, Dr. Odler shares some of his research insights on the production and use of copper, at sites like the Giza pyramids during the Old Kingdom. We also explore the use of metal in weaponry and daily life, and how scientists can experiment with reconstructed tools to examine their value and effectiveness. Today, Dr. Odler shares his methodical and wide-ranging interests. Personally, I learned a lot from speaking with him. Logo image: A copper mirror of Reni-Seneb (c.1800 BCE), Metropolitan Museum of Art. Martin Odler at Newcastle University. Research papers by Martin Odler at Academia.edu. Book: Copper in Ancient Egypt Before, During, and After the Pyramid Age (c.4000—1600 BC) (2023), published by Brill. Book: Old Kingdom Copper Tools and Model Tools (2016), published by Archaeopress. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

14 Loka 201348min

The Great Explorer. Around 2300 BCE, King Pepy I died. His successor was a man named Mer-en-Re ("Beloved of Re"). In this period, the explorer Weni the Elder continued his travels, now going far south into Sudan on missions for the King... Date c.2300 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Select Bibliography: Kelsey Museum Newsletter – Abydos and the Tomb of Weni the Elder. Renée Friedman, Egypt and Nubia: Gifts of the Desert, 2002. William Kelly Simpson (editor), The Literature of Ancient Egypt, 2003. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

7 Loka 201321min

Pepy and Weni the Elder (Part 1). Around 2355 BCE, King Pepy I came to power. The new king had trouble establishing his authority, and he had to deal with the effects of his predecessor Teti's murder. Along the way, Pepy even had to deal with a conspiracy against himself... Date c. 2550 - 2540 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Select Bibliography: Naguib Kanawati, Conspiracies in the Egyptian Palace, 2011. Nigel Strudwick, Texts from the Pyramid Age, 2005 (Google Books). William Kelly Simpson (editor), The Literature of Ancient Egypt, 2003. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

23 Syys 201330min

Assassins! Around 2355 BCE, King Teti died. Legend tells us that the king was murdered by members of his own family. If this is true, it is the first time in Egyptian history that we hear about royal assassination. Of course, there are many questions about what happened... Date c.2350 BCE. Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments.  Music by Keith Zizza www.keithzizza.com. Select Bibliography: Nicolas Grimal, A History of Egypt, 1994. Naguib Kanawati, Conspiracies in the Egyptian Palace, 2011. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

9 Syys 201327min