Episode 58 - Respiratory system - Control of breathing
Learn how central and peripheral chemoreceptors regulate breathing in response to CO₂, O₂, and pH levels. Understand how hyperventilation affects breath-holding time and why neural input anticipates r...
28 Maalis 20255min
Episode 57 - Respiratory system - Minute and alveolar ventilation
Discover the difference between minute ventilation (total air movement) and alveolar ventilation (effective gas exchange). Learn how dead space reduces efficiency and why deep breaths improve oxygenat...
26 Maalis 20254min
Episode 56 - Respiratory system - VQ matching
Explore how the lungs regulate airflow and blood flow to optimize gas exchange. Learn how low alveolar O₂ causes vasoconstriction, high CO₂ triggers bronchodilation, and how mismatches (shunts and dea...
26 Maalis 20254min
Episode 55 - Respiratory system - Diffusion
Understand how partial pressure gradients drive oxygen and CO₂ exchange between alveoli and blood. Learn how Fick’s Law explains the role of surface area, diffusion distance, and membrane thickness in...
24 Maalis 20254min
Episode 54 - Respiratory system - Carbon dioxide transport
Learn how CO₂ is transported in the blood as bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻), bound to hemoglobin, and dissolved in plasma. Explore the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, the chloride shift, and how CO₂ reg...
24 Maalis 20255min
Episode 53 - Respiratory system - Oxygen transport
Explore how oxygen travels bound to hemoglobin or dissolved in plasma, and how the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve reveals oxygen loading and unloading dynamics. Learn how pH, temperature, and CO...
14 Maalis 20255min
Episode 52 - Respiratory system - Pulmonary volumes and capacities
Break down pulmonary volumes (TV, IRV, ERV, RV) and capacities (IC, FRC, VC, TLC), understanding which can be directly measured and how they help assess lung function in both health and disease.
14 Maalis 20254min
Episode 51 - Respiratory system - Mechanisms of pulmonary ventilation
Discover how Boyle’s Law explains air movement and how factors like compliance, airway resistance, and surfactant affect ventilation. Learn how inspiration is active while expiration is usually passiv...
12 Maalis 20255min
