Barclays Brief25 Nov 2025

Critical minerals: The new oil

As technological advancement continues at pace across AI, defence and everything in between, demand for critical minerals such as rare earth elements (REEs) and copper, lithium, aluminium, nickel and cobalt (collectively known as CLANCs) has skyrocketed. Yet their supply is incredibly concentrated, making access a high stakes priority for many economies. China has invested heavily over recent decades in everything from mineral processing plants to STEM graduates and has become the dominant supplier of critical minerals.

With spot prices recently trebling amidst trade tensions and defence spending increases, countries in the West are balancing the need for immediate access to existing supplies with a strategic, longer-term pivot to build out mine-to-magnet processing.

In this episode of the Barclays Brief, Ronnie Wexler is joined by Zornitsa Todorova, Head of Thematic FICC Research, to discuss why critical minerals are set to become a defining market theme for 2026. They break down why critical minerals are the ‘new oil’, what's driving current market volatility and what the future of supply could look like.

Listeners can hear more on this topic:

Talent and trade: the new battlegrounds in AI

Q1 2026 Global Outlook: As goes AI...

Clients can read more on Barclays Live:

Critical Minerals: the magnetic pull of rare earths

2025 Equity Gilt Study - Minerals and minds

Q1 2026 Global Outlook: As goes AI...

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