Edward Agar and the Great Gold Robbery of 1855: A Perfect Train Heist

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In 1857 a British judge looked down at a convicted career criminal and admitted, on the record, that the man's talent and perseverance would have made him a fortune in honest business. The criminal was Edward Agar, a safecracker nearing 40 who lived in a fashionable Shepherd's Bush villa with 3,000 pounds in government bonds and no need to steal again. This episode follows how a fired railway employee named William Pierce drew him into robbing the South Eastern Railway's gold shipments to Paris, a job guarded by Chubb safes bolted to the floor and opened only with two separate keys.

Agar treated the problem like a puzzle. He recruited the guard James Burgess and the clerk William Tester, copied both keys in wax, filed his forgeries on seven or eight practice rides, and on May 15th, 1855 swapped more than 200 pounds of gold for lead shot inside a moving guard's van. British and French authorities blamed each other for months. What finally exposed the crime was not a flaw in the plan but a jealous feud, an unrelated forgery conviction, and a partner who stole from Agar's child.

• To find the Folkestone key, Agar shipped his own gold coins under a fake name and watched which cupboard the superintendent opened to retrieve it.
• He pulled the rivets from the iron bands on the bullion boxes, lifted the lids from the back, and resealed them with wax dies he had carved himself.
• Melting the gold at Cambridge Villa cracked a crucible and set the floorboards alight, leaving burn marks and specks of gold in the wood.
• Pierce kept the 3,000 pounds meant for Fanny Kay and her child, so she went to the governor of Newgate Prison and told him everything.
• Agar turned Queen's evidence, the jury convicted in 10 minutes, and Pierce received only two years because he was not a railway employee.