Scipio Africanus: Neptune's Tide at New Carthage to Torn Senate Ledgers

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Publius Cornelius Scipio, born around 236 BC into the Cornelii Scipiones, reportedly saved his consul father at the Ticinus at 18, then survived Cannae in 216 BC and rallied survivors at Canusium. Livy claims he forced nobles planning to flee Italy to swear at sword point never to abandon Rome. Elected curule aedile at 24, well under the usual age, he was given proconsular command in Spain in 210 BC after his father and uncle were killed there, though he had never been consul.

In 209 BC he took New Carthage by sending men across a lagoon at low tide, telling them Neptune would help. He freed 300 Spanish hostages, won at Baecula and Ilipa, and as consul at 31 raised 7,000 volunteers when the Senate under Fabius Maximus's influence refused him an army for Africa. After defeating Hannibal he was named Africanus, but Cato the Elder attacked his Greek habits, and after the war with Antiochus III he tore up his account books in the Senate and retired to Liternum.

After New Carthage fell, his troops reportedly cut even stray dogs in half before he halted the killing on the commander's surrender.
At Ilipa in 206 BC he placed weak allies in the center and veterans on the wings, turning Hannibal's envelopment on Carthage.
In Africa he used fake peace talks to scout Carthaginian camps, then burned them in a night attack.
Asked to account for 3,000 talents, he answered that he had brought 15,000 into the treasury, on the anniversary of Zama.
He reportedly ordered his tomb to read that his ungrateful fatherland would not even have his bones, and its location is still unknown.

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