PNAS Science Sessions29 Dec 2025

China, ascendent

China's science leadership

Science Sessions are brief conversations with cutting-edge researchers, National Academy members, and policymakers as they discuss topics relevant to today's scientific community. Learn the behind-the-scenes story of work published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), plus a broad range of scientific news about discoveries that affect the world around us.

In this episode, James Evans explains how and why China's leadership in global science is rising.

In this episode, we cover:
•[00:00] Introduction
•[00:56] Social and complex systems scientist James Evans recounts the recent history of the trajectories of science in the U.S. and in China.
•[01:50] He explains how to measure a country's scientific leadership and introduces the data sources used in the study.
•[04:18] Evans tells the results of the study, and talks about some areas of science in which China's leadership has particularly advanced.
•[06:20] He lists the key takeaways from the study for policymakers and the benefits of global science engagement.
•[08:47] Evans talks about the caveats and limitations of the work.
•[09:54] Conclusion

About Our Guest:

James Evans
Max Plofsky Professor of Sociology and Data Science
University of Chicago

View related content here: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2414893122

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