85: Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks, pt. 1 - Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus

85: Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks, pt. 1 - Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus

Philosophy in the Tragic Age of the Greeks is one of the more obscure texts in Friedrich Nietzsche’s corpus. There are many good reasons for this: it is unfinished, and ends abruptly; it was never published; and it concerns subject matter that is not as immediately accessible as Nietzsche’s more popular writings. You will not find his major concepts in this work – such as the will to power, or the critique of metaphysics - except insofar as those ideas appear in the background, inchoate, unnamed… not yet fully formed. In Nietzsche’s interpretation of the Pre-Platonic philosophers of Ancient Greece, we find the starting place for his later philosophical career. The inspiration for many of those great ideas, can arguably be found in his exegesis of these extraordinary figures from the Hellenic world, from the 6th to the 4th century BC. In today's episode, I'll introduce the text, then we'll cover the first three figures who I've classed as "the first cosmologists": Thales, Anaximander, and Heraclitus. While I'm mostly sticking to the text of the essay, I fill in some details using Nietzsche's lectures on the Pre-Platonics, on which this essay was based. Episode art: photo of the Temple of Poseidon

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Birth of Tragedy #8: 22-25 (Conclusion)

Birth of Tragedy #8: 22-25 (Conclusion)

Nietzsche recapitulates and summarizes his positions, and provides us with a few relatively simple formulas for understanding the interaction of the two art-forces. He hopes for a rebirth of tragic art in Europe. We conclude with my distillation of the main philosophical concepts, the significance of which can be expanded beyond the work.

4 Okt 20222h 4min

Birth of Tragedy #7: 18-21 (Alexandrianism)

Birth of Tragedy #7: 18-21 (Alexandrianism)

Here we find the idea of cultures as admixtures of the Apollinian, Dionysian, or Socratic approaches to life. The Socratic is distinguished from the Apollinian, and modern art and culture is assessed as theoretic parasitism on art.

27 Sep 20221h 59min

Birth of Tragedy #6: 14-17 (The Theoretic v/s the Tragic)

Birth of Tragedy #6: 14-17 (The Theoretic v/s the Tragic)

Socrates, having been introduced in the last chapter we studied in the previous section, appears now to threaten all art, with a worldview described as "the theoretic", which is fundamentally opposed to the tragic. The theoretical worldview is, by nature, optimistic, moralistic, and against all illusion and ignorance. Nietzsche first raises the prospect of "an artistic Socrates", and rails against the New Attic Comedy as a degenerated artform in comparison to Attic Tragedy.

20 Sep 20222h 36min

Birth of Tragedy #5: 11-13 (Euripedes & The Death of Tragedy)

Birth of Tragedy #5: 11-13 (Euripedes & The Death of Tragedy)

Now we turn to the effect of Euripedes, and Nietzsche’s charge that this tragedian came under the influence of Socrates, and the new form of drama, New Attic Comedy, that followed.

13 Sep 20222h

Birth of Tragedy #4: 8-10 (Evolution of the Satyr Chorus & Suffering Hero)

Birth of Tragedy #4: 8-10 (Evolution of the Satyr Chorus & Suffering Hero)

Let’s talk about the evolution of the Attic Tragedy: from solo dithyrambic poet, to dithyrambic chorus, to chorus plus the ritualized portrayal of a masked Dionysus, to an entire tragedy performed on stage behind the “magic wall” of the chorus.

6 Sep 20222h 12min

Birth of Tragedy #3: 4-7 ("Objective" v/s "Subjective" Art)

Birth of Tragedy #3: 4-7 ("Objective" v/s "Subjective" Art)

We continue our analysis of Birth of Tragedy, and enter one of the most byzantine sections of the text. Don’t worry, I shall be your Ariadne.

30 Aug 20222h 4min

Birth of Tragedy #2: 1-3 (The Two Art-Forces)

Birth of Tragedy #2: 1-3 (The Two Art-Forces)

Today we cover the first three sections of Birth of Tragedy. Slow going, I know- but things will begin to move at a faster clip as we continue. In this episode the core concepts of the Apollinian and Dionysian art forces are explained, their relation to one another, and their origin in dreams and intoxication.

23 Aug 20221h 56min

Birth of Tragedy #1: Attempt At Self-Criticism/Preface to Wagner

Birth of Tragedy #1: Attempt At Self-Criticism/Preface to Wagner

In the name of Lord Dionysus, it with great joy and solemnity that we commence this, the first of our Nietzschean bookclubs. This series will see me undertake an in-depth analysis, moving section-by-section, through Nietzsche’s first book: The Birth of Tragedy. In the first episode, we’ll look at Nietzsche’s masterful second preface, written in 1886 and attached to the beginning of the work. This episode will therefore serve as a sort of introduction to the text, contextualizing it within Nietzsche’s own understanding of his early text and how it laid the foundations for many of his later ideas.

16 Aug 20222h 25min

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