Podcast 582:  Gadolinium - The Contrast of MRI

Podcast 582: Gadolinium - The Contrast of MRI

Contributor: Michael Hunt, MD

Educational Pearls:

  • Contrast agents are commonly used for X-rays and CT's to better characterize disease, but contrast doesn't work with MRI. That's where the element Gadolinium comes into play.
  • Gadolinium, element 64, is ferromagnetic (attracted to iron) below 68 degrees and above that temperature it's paramagnetic which makes it useful in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
  • Gadolinium is toxic alone, but when paired with chelators it can be used in humans and allows for better characterization of tumors or abnormal tissue on MRI.
  • It helps identify this abnormal tissue because when MRI causes polarization of our body's cells, the gadolinium, which has the maximum number of unpaired electrons in its orbital shells, alters the rate of decay in abnormal tissue highlighting abnormalities on imaging.
  • Gadolinium can also be used in the treatment of cancers because it collects in the cells of abnormal tissue, allowing for more targeted therapies.
  • In people exposed to gadolinium, the anaphylaxis rate is low, below 1/1000, and in rare cases there are reports of kidney injury and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis which is why it's not recommended in renal failure patients.

References

1)Ibrahim MA, Hazhirkarzar B, Dublin AB. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Gadolinium. [Updated 2020 Mar 9]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482487/

2)Pasquini L, Napolitano A, Visconti E, et al. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent-Related Toxicities [published correction appears in CNS Drugs. 2018 May 15;:]. CNS Drugs. 2018;32(3):229-240. doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0500-1

Summarized by Jackson Roos, MS4 | Edited by Erik Verzemnieks, MD

Avsnitt(1145)

Pediatric Palliative Care Expert Panel

Pediatric Palliative Care Expert Panel

Selected audio from our event, Palliative, hosted on June 27, 2022 in conjunction with Children's Hospital Colorado's Department of Palliative Medicine and The Denver Hospice's Footprints Program. Ke...

3 Aug 20221h 6min

Podcast 802: Intranasal Medication Administration for Pediatric Patients

Podcast 802: Intranasal Medication Administration for Pediatric Patients

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Intranasal medication administration is a convenient, quick, and relatively painless option for pediatric patients Often used as an initial medicatio...

2 Aug 20223min

Mental Health Monthly #14: Substance-Induced Psychosis (Part II)

Mental Health Monthly #14: Substance-Induced Psychosis (Part II)

In this second episode of a two-part mini-series, we feature Dr. Nadia Haddad, a Colorado psychiatrist, and Dr. Ricky Dhaliwal, an emergency medicine physician, as they discuss the various treatment m...

27 Juli 202224min

Podcast 801: Push Dose Vasopressors

Podcast 801: Push Dose Vasopressors

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: There are two common options for push-dose vasopressor: phenylephrine and epinephrine. Both have been studied in the setting of the OR, but are lacki...

26 Juli 20223min

Podcast 800: Mortality in Fevers

Podcast 800: Mortality in Fevers

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: A recent study evaluated the association between the degree of fever and mortality rate in patients presenting to a set of Emergency Departments in I...

25 Juli 20222min

Podcast 799: EKG Abnormalities in Renal Failure

Podcast 799: EKG Abnormalities in Renal Failure

Contributor: Peter Bakes, MD Educational Pearls: Patients in renal failure may have elevated serum potassium levels which can result in EKG changes. EKG changes in the setting of hyperkalemia gener...

19 Juli 20224min

Podcast 797: Vitamin C in Sepsis

Podcast 797: Vitamin C in Sepsis

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Prior, smaller studies showed intravenous Vitamin C given to patients with sepsis significantly improved patient mortality and additional outcomes. ...

12 Juli 20222min

Podcast 796: Fluid Amounts in Septic Shock

Podcast 796: Fluid Amounts in Septic Shock

Contributor: Aaron Lessen, MD Educational Pearls: Septic shock management has traditionally endorsed rapid fluid resuscitation and the administration of vasopressors Current guidelines are for patien...

11 Juli 20223min

Populärt inom Vetenskap

p3-dystopia
dumma-manniskor
svd-nyhetsartiklar
allt-du-velat-veta
kapitalet-en-podd-om-ekonomi
det-morka-psyket
pojkmottagningen
dumforklarat
rss-vetenskapsradion-2
rss-vetenskapsradion
sexet
halsorevolutionen
rss-ufo-bortom-rimligt-tvivel
rss-spraket
rss-experimentet
vetenskapsradion
rss-broccolipodden-en-podcast-som-inte-handlar-om-broccoli
medicinvetarna
bildningspodden
4health-med-anna-sparre