Ur Fascism by Umberto Eco

Full Essay https://www.pegc.us/archive/Articles/eco_ur-fascism.pdf

While Eco is firm in claiming “There was only one Nazism," he says, “the fascist game can be played in many forms, and the name of the game does not change.” Eco reduces the qualities of what he calls “Ur-Fascism, or Eternal Fascism” down to 14 “typical” features.