How the Marshall Plan Worked

We have enough pieces of the story of Rudolf Diesel’s life that remain consistent that we can fairly confidently construct his biography. But the way his life ended will forever be a mystery.  Research: Harford, Tim. “How Rudolf Diesel's engine changed the world.” BBC. Dec. 19, 2016. https://www.bbc.com/news/business-38302874 “Rudolf Diesel and his invention.” Mercedes-Benz. Feb 21, 2011. https://group-media.mercedes-benz.com/marsMediaSite/en/instance/ko.xhtml?oid=9361302 Bryant, Lynwood. “The Development of the Diesel Engine.” Technology and Culture, vol. 17, no. 3, 1976, pp. 432–46. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/3103523 “Dr. Rudolf Diesel Dead, It Is Feared.” The San Francisco Examiner. Oct. 1, 1913. https://www.newspapers.com/image/460520428/?terms=%22rudolf%20diesel%22&match=1 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Rudolf Diesel". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 Mar. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rudolf-Diesel “Dr. Diesel Vanishes From a Steamship.” New York Times. Oct. 1, 1913. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/10/01/100408236.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 “No Light on Diesel’s Fate.” New York Times. October 3, 1913. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/10/03/100650746.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 “Diesel Family in Straits.” New York Times. Oct. 13, 1913. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/10/13/104913506.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 “The Tragedy of Genius.” Holyrood Banner. Jan. 8, 1914. https://www.newspapers.com/image/485723537/?terms=%22rudolf%20diesel%22&match=1 “Diesel Was Bankrupt.” New York Times. Oct. 15, 1913. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/10/15/100651861.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 “No Ray of Light in Diesel Mystery.” New York Times. Oct. 2, 1913. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/10/02/100408778.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 “Reports Dr. Diesel Living in Canada.” New York Times. March 16, 1914. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1914/03/16/100084107.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 Lewis, Danny. “When the Inventor of the Diesel Engine Disappeared.” Smithsonian. Sept 29, 2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/when-inventor-diesel-engine-disappeared-180960635/#dzfOXtDDTgWXFGi4.99 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

8 Aug 202233min

This 2011 episode from previous hosts Sarah and Deblina covers Timur the Lame (Tamerlane to Westerners) conquering areas from Persia to Russia throughout the late 1300s, and his last great battle in Ankara against Sultan Bayezid I.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

6 Aug 202222min

Tracy and Holly talk about blood pressure and Diuril man. Holly then shares a story of how early fastener sales worked and how zippers have become specialized. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

5 Aug 202221min

The development of the zipper was oddly arduous, with many fastener versions tried out before the zipper we know today and have on our clothes, handbags, and luggage was finally figured out.  Research: Friedel, Robert. “Zipper: an Exploration in Novelty.” W.W. Norton. 1994. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "zipper". Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 Apr. 2020, https://www.britannica.com/art/zipper Johnson, Ian. “Zipper anniversary: 10 bits of trivia to impress the pants off you.” CBC News. April 29, 2013. https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/zipper-anniversary-10-bits-of-trivia-to-impress-the-pants-off-you-1.1305202 Lewis, Danny. “One Japanese Company Makes Half of the World’s Zippers.” Smithsonian. Sept 3, 2015. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/one-japanese-company-makes-half-worlds-zippers-180956482/ “Gideon Sundback.” National Inventors Hall of Fame. https://www.invent.org/inductees/gideon-sundback Bauman, Richard. “The Ups and Downs of Success.” Fremont Tribune. Nov. 20, 2006. https://www.newspapers.com/image/550483507/?terms=whitcomb%20judson&match=1 “Gideon Sundback celebrated in a Google doodle.” The Guardian. April 23, 2012. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/24/gideon-sundback-celebrated-google-doodle “Whitcomb Judson.” Lemelson MIT. https://lemelson.mit.edu/resources/whitcomb-judson “Zipper’s Evolution Slow, Shaky.” Spokane Chronicle. March 16, 1978. https://www.newspapers.com/image/578438126/ Altrowitz, Abe. “The Zipper was ‘Born’ and Raised Here.” The Minneapolis Star. June 12, 1973. https://www.newspapers.com/image/190250601/?terms=whitcomb%20judson&match=1 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

3 Aug 202237min

Ancient cultures all over the world used the pulse as a diagnostic tool. And eventually, we figured out how to measure blood pressure, and hypertension came to be viewed as a disease. Research: Booth, Jeremy. “A Short History of Blood Pressure Measurement.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 70. Nov. 1977. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/003591577707001112 Elias, Merrill F. and Amanda L. Goodell. “Setting the record straight for two heroes in hypertension: John J. Hay and Paul Dudley White.” Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 9/21/2019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8030549/#jch13650-bib-0004 Greene, Jeremy A. “Releasing the Flood Waters: Diruil and the Reshaping of Hypertension.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, Vol. 79, No. 4, Winter 2005. https://doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2005.0153 Harold, John Gordon. “Harold on History | Historical Perspectives on Hypertension.” American College of Cardiology. 11/20/2017. https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2017/11/14/14/42/harold-on-history-historical-perspectives-on-hypertension Hay, John. “The Significance of a Raised Blood Pressure.” British Medical Journal. 7/11/1931. Johnson, Richard J. et al. “The discovery of hypertension: evolving views on the role of the kidneys, and current hot topics.” Renal Physiology. 1/2/2015. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00503.2014 Kotchen, Theodore A. “Historical Trends and Milestones in Hypertension Research: A Model of the Process of Translational Research.” Hypertension. Vol. 58, 2011.  https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.177766 Labos, Christopher. “The Current Hypertension Controversy: There is None..” McGill. 2/8/2018. https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/general-science/current-hypertension-controversy-there-none Lüscher, Thomas F. “High blood pressure: new frontiers of an old risk factor.” European Heart Journal (2017) 38, 2791–2794. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx544 Moser, Marvin. “Historical Perspectives on the Management of Hypertension.” Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 5/22/2007. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2006.05836.x Postel-Vinay, Nicolas, editor. “A Century of Arterial Hypertension 1896-1996.” Wiley. 1996. Saklayen, Mohammad G. and Neeraj V. Deshpande. “Timeline of History of Hypertension Treatment.” Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2/23/2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4763852/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

1 Aug 202241min

This 2017 episode covers the U.S.S. Indianapolis, known today for its crew's horrifying wait for rescue after being torpedoed following a secret mission at the end of World War II. But the ship's history goes back much farther than that.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

30 Juli 202232min

Holly and Tracy talk about Courbet's arrogance and some gossip about his life. They also discuss the legal loopholes that enable inanimate objects to be named as parties in court cases. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

29 Juli 202218min

Griswold v. Connecticut was the U.S. supreme court decision that overturned laws banning contraception – at least, for married couples. It wasn’t the first SCOTUS decision to mention the concept of privacy, but it was a major one. Research: Bailey, Martha J. “’Momma’s Got the Pill’: How Anthony Comstock and Griswold v. Connecticut Shaped US Childbearing.” American Economic Review 2010, 100. http://www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/aer.100.1.98 Brannen, Daniel E., Jr., et al. "Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)." Supreme Court Drama: Cases That Changed America, edited by Lawrence W. Baker, 2nd ed., vol. 1: Individual Liberties, UXL, 2011, pp. 70-74. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX1929200026/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=d079c402. Accessed 5 July 2022. Burnette, Brandon R. “Comstock Act of 1873 (1873).” The First Amendment Encyclopedia. 2009. https://mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1038/comstock-act-of-1873 Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute. “Griswold v. Connecticut (1965).” https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/griswold_v_connecticut_(1965) Court, U.S. Supreme. "Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)." Civil Rights in America, Primary Source Media, 1999. American Journey. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EJ2163000097/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=4639ad46. Accessed 5 July 2022. Finlay, Nancy. “Taking on the State: Griswold v. Connecticut.” Connecticut History. https://connecticuthistory.org/taking-on-the-state-griswold-v-connecticut/ Garrow, David J. “The Legal Legacy of Griswold v. Connecticut.” American Bar Association. 4/1/2011. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/human_rights_vol38_2011/human_rights_spring2011/the_legal_legacy_of_griswold_v_connecticut/ Lepore, Jill. “To Have and to Hold: Reproduction, Marriage and the Constitution.” The New Yorker. 5/18/2015. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/05/25/to-have-and-to-hold Lord, Alexandra M. “The Revolutionary 1965 Supreme Court Decision That Declared Sex a Private Affair.” Smithsonian. 5/19/2022. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/the-revolutionary-1965-supreme-court-decision-that-declared-sex-was-a-private-affair-180980089/ McBride, Alex “Griswold v. Connecticut.” The Supreme Court. Thirteen: Media With Impact. https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/landmark_griswold.html Minto, David. “Perversion by Penumbras: Wolfenden, Griswold, and the Transatlantic Trajectory of Sexual Privacy.” American Historical Review. October 2018. Morgan, Jason. “One ‘Right,’ Many Wrongs.” The Human Life Review. Winter 2014. Moskowitz, Daniel B. "A matter of privacy: Griswold V. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965): the underlying right to privacy." American History, vol. 52, no. 3, Aug. 2017, pp. 22+. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A495033804/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=293a39ac. Accessed 5 July 2022. UK Parliament. “Wolfenden Report.” https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/private-lives/relationships/collections1/sexual-offences-act-1967/wolfenden-report-/ Vile, John. “Griswold v. Connecticut (1965).” The First Amendment Encyclopedia. 2009. https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/579/griswold-v-connecticut Yale Medicine Magazine. “An arrest in New Haven, contraception and the right to privacy.” https://medicine.yale.edu/news/yale-medicine-magazine/article/an-arrest-in-new-haven-contraception-and-the/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

27 Juli 202239min