Stones, Bones, and Teeth: The Bias of the Archaeological Record
Modern Bodies3 Maalis

Stones, Bones, and Teeth: The Bias of the Archaeological Record

How do we actually know what early humans ate?

There are no photographs from two million years ago. No written records. No preserved daily menus. What we have are fragments: stone tools, fossilized bones, and teeth.

In this episode of Modern Bodies, we explore how archaeologists and paleoanthropologists reconstruct the prehistoric world using surviving evidence. From 3.3-million-year-old stone tools discovered in Kenya to dental microwear patterns that reveal diet, we unpack how scientists interpret the archaeological record — and what that record leaves out.

Because the past does not preserve itself evenly.

Wood decays. Fibres disappear. Only certain materials survive, which means our understanding of early humans is shaped by durability, not importance. When rare wooden tools dating back hundreds of thousands of years are discovered, they expand our understanding of early ingenuity beyond stone and hunting.

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