#113 – Manolis Kellis: Human Genome and Evolutionary Dynamics

David Sinclair is a geneticist at Harvard and author of Lifespan. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off - Clear: https://clearme.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 2 months free - National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives - SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera - Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: David's Twitter: https://twitter.com/davidasinclair David's Website: https://lifespanbook.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (09:34) - Staying young at heart (13:31) - Bringing people back to life (19:05) - Wearables and tracking health data (28:18) - How to solve aging (38:23) - Why do we age? (43:50) - Genetic reset switch that reverses aging (46:20) - AI in biology (48:52) - Health data (56:58) - Fasting (1:04:29) - Diet (1:12:41) - Exercise (1:18:01) - Sleep (1:26:29) - Data (1:32:00) - Extending lifespan (1:34:42) - Immortality (1:40:28) - Denial of death (1:43:45) - Meaning of life without death

7 Jun 20211h 49min

Vitalik Buterin is the co-founder of Ethereum. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil - Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off EPISODE LINKS: Vitalik's Twitter: https://twitter.com/VitalikButerin Vitalik's Blog: https://vitalik.ca/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (08:18) - Shiba Inu story (25:35) - Regulation (29:48) - Crime (34:54) - Proof of stake vs proof of work (47:43) - Miner extractable value (53:19) - Scaling (54:42) - Bitcoin blocksize wars (1:00:51) - Hard fork vs soft fork (1:04:34) - Craig Wright (1:11:18) - Scaling: Sharding (1:18:07) - Scaling: Rollups (1:26:30) - Polygon and other Layer 2 technologies (1:34:11) - Merging PoS and PoW chains (1:43:49) - Lessons learned from Ethereum 2.0 failure incidents (1:52:35) - Bitcoin vs Ethereum (1:58:30) - Dogecoin (2:04:38) - Elon Musk (2:07:15) - Chainlink (2:10:35) - Charles Hoskinson and Cardano (2:18:08) - AI safety (2:23:07) - NFTs (2:25:57) - Scams (2:35:34) - Longevity (2:44:55) - Does death give meaning to life? (2:50:38) - Lex and Vitalik speak Russian (2:54:29) - Meaning of life (2:59:48) - Dan Carlin's Hardcore History and WWII

3 Jun 20213h 8min

Frank Wilczek is a Nobel Prize winning physicist at MIT. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - The Information: https://theinformation.com/lex to get 75% off first month - NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free - Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Frank's Twitter: https://twitter.com/FrankWilczek Frank's Website: https://www.frankawilczek.com/ Fundamentals: Ten Keys to Reality (book): https://amzn.to/3vLPyQB PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (08:39) - Are there limits to what physics can understand? (17:31) - Beautiful ideas in physics (25:59) - Space and time are really big (29:47) - There are billions of thoughts in a human life (37:09) - Big bang (45:31) - How life emerged in the universe (51:33) - Aliens (1:01:25) - Consciousness (1:08:53) - Limits of physics (1:14:29) - Complimentary principle (1:23:34) - Free will (1:29:47) - Particles (1:35:10) - Nobel Prize in Physics (1:48:24) - Axions and dark matter (2:03:50) - Time crystals (2:08:42) - Theory of everything (2:18:10) - Advice for young people (2:23:52) - Meaning of life

29 Mai 20212h 30min

Bryan Johnson is the founder and CEO of Kernel, OS Fund, and previously Braintree. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off - NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour - Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Bryan's Twitter: https://twitter.com/bryan_johnson Bryan's Website: https://www.bryanjohnson.co/ Kernel's Twitter: https://twitter.com/KernelCo Kernel's Website: https://www.kernel.com/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (06:57) - Kernel Flow demo (16:10) - The future of brain-computer interfaces (49:39) - Existential risk (55:18) - Overcoming depression (1:10:36) - Zeroth principles thinking (1:18:50) - Engineering consciousness (1:25:03) - Privacy (1:29:33) - Neuralink (1:39:11) - Braintree and Venmo (1:54:54) - Eating one meal a day (2:01:07) - Sleep (2:20:49) - Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro (2:27:47) - Advice for young people (2:32:23) - Meaning of life

24 Mai 20212h 37min

Sam Harris is an author, podcaster, and philosopher. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives - Belcampo: https://belcampo.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off first order - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil - Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: Sam's Twitter: https://twitter.com/SamHarrisOrg Sam's Website: https://samharris.org/ Sam's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNAxrHudMfdzNi6NxruKPLw PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (08:18) - Where do thoughts come from? (14:18) - Consciousness (31:50) - Psychedelics (41:14) - Nature of reality (58:09) - Free will (1:56:55) - Ego (2:05:59) - Joe Rogan (2:08:59) - How will human civilization destroy itself? (2:16:27) - AI (2:37:10) - Jordan Peterson (2:45:12) - UFOs (2:53:02) - Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (3:02:47) - Love (3:13:50) - Meaning of life

20 Mai 20213h 23min

Katherine de Kleer is a professor of Planetary Science and Astronomy at Caltech. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Fundrise: https://fundrise.com/lex - Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free - Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off EPISODE LINKS: Katherine's Website: http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~dekleer/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (07:07) - Pluto (12:14) - Kuiper belt (16:12) - How to study planets and moons (19:54) - Volcanoes on Io - moon of Jupiter (32:25) - Is there life in the oceans of Europa? (41:46) - How unlikely is life on Earth? (52:15) - Life on Venus (54:30) - Mars (1:01:17) - What is interesting about Earth as a planet? (1:11:55) - Weather patterns (1:17:04) - Asteroids (1:26:06) - Will an asteroid hit Earth soon? (1:34:50) - Oumuamua (1:50:00) - Book recommendations (1:56:37) - Advice for young people

17 Mai 20212h 2min

Po-Shen Loh is a mathematician at CMU and coach of the USA International Math Olympiad team. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - The Jordan Harbinger Show: https://jordanharbinger.com/lex/ - Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings - LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack EPISODE LINKS: Po's Twitter: https://twitter.com/poshenloh Po's Website: https://www.poshenloh.com/ Daily Challenges: https://daily.poshenloh.com/ NOVID: https://www.novid.org/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (08:51) - Planes and bridges (12:28) - Writing a computer game from scratch (14:54) - Programming competitions (18:28) - Math is hard (23:59) - Contact tracing that preserves privacy (1:01:16) - Math Olympiad (1:16:57) - Hard math problem (1:24:14) - Is math discovered or invented? (1:29:09) - Intelligence (1:35:59) - Math education (1:40:10) - How to learn math (1:49:06) - Combinatorics (1:52:13) - Voting trees (2:02:36) - Stochastic coalescence (2:12:23) - P=NP (2:16:39) - Tolkien and WWII (2:19:00) - Advice for young people (2:21:05) - Meaning of life

14 Mai 20212h 27min

John Danaher is a coach, scholar, and educator of jiu jitsu, submission grappling, judo, MMA, and the martial arts. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit - SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: John's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/danaherjohn PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (07:02) - Fear of death (17:18) - The path to greatness (22:57) - Judo (27:07) - Seoi nage judo throw (39:21) - Fundamentals of jiu jitsu (45:34) - Developing new techniques (53:24) - Value of training with lower belts (1:03:23) - Escaping bad positions (1:10:18) - Submissions (1:14:30) - Reinventing yourself in 5 years (1:30:38) - Drilling (1:49:10) - Leglock system (2:08:44) - How hard is it to break a leg? (2:12:52) - Greatest jiu jitsu player ever (2:17:42) - Roger Gracie (2:22:25) - Gordon Ryan (2:27:16) - Georges St-Pierre (2:36:26) - Superintelligent Robot vs Cyborg Gordon Ryan (3:12:07) - Advice to white belts (3:15:24) - What does it take to get a black belt (3:16:09) - Best martial art for street fighting (3:23:23) - Tie chokes (3:27:44) - Austin (3:32:23) - Meaning of life

9 Mai 20213h 43min