#187 – Frank Wilczek: Physics of Quarks, Dark Matter, Complexity, Life & Aliens

Betül Kaçar is an astrobiologist at University of Wisconsin. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – House of Macadamias: https://houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off your first order – Mizzen+Main: https://mizzenandmain.com and use code LEX to get $35 off – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free – GiveDirectly: https://givedirectly.org/lex to get gift matched up to $1000 – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex to get 25% off premium EPISODE LINKS: Betül’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/betulland Betül’s Instagram: https://instagram.com/betul.kacar.astro/ Kacar Lab: https://kacarlab.org/ Betül’s TED Talk: https://go.ted.com/betulkacar PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:20) – History of life on Earth (16:25) – Origin of life (39:11) – Genetic language of life (52:08) – Life and energy (1:02:50) – Ancient DNA (1:21:48) – Evolution (1:33:19) – Alien life (2:01:19) – Panspermia (2:07:41) – Restarting life on Earth (2:20:23) – Where ideas come from (2:27:54) – Science and language (2:36:31) – Love (2:37:55) – Advice to young people (2:42:29) – Meaning of life

29 Des 20222h 47min

Bhaskar Sunkara is a democratic socialist, political writer, founding editor of Jacobin, president of The Nation, and author of The Socialist Manifesto. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – House of Macadamias: https://houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% of your first order – Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit – Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off – InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Bhaskar’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/sunraysunray Jacobin: https://jacobin.com Jacobin’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/jacobin The Nation: https://thenation.com The Socialist Manifesto (book): https://amzn.to/3hKpt2p PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (13:24) – Socialism (31:54) – Communism (58:31) – Class struggle (1:09:33) – Quality of life (1:17:29) – Unions (1:29:57) – Corruption (1:43:15) – Freedom of speech (1:51:38) – War (1:59:24) – Karl Marx (2:13:03) – Socialist vision (2:18:28) – AI and socialism (2:23:26) – Socialist policies (2:48:45) – Billionaires (2:54:43) – Bernie Sanders (3:05:10) – AOC (3:17:11) – 2024 presidential election (3:22:05) – China (3:31:06) – Jacobin (3:38:35) – The Socialist Manifesto (3:45:55) – Advice for young people (3:49:28) – Meaning of life

22 Des 20223h 52min

Nathalie Cabrol is an astrobiologist at the SETI Institute, directing the Carl Sagan Center for the Study of Life in the Universe. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – True Classic Tees: https://trueclassictees.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off – Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex to get free trial – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex to get 1 month of fish oil EPISODE LINKS: Nathalie’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/shasta721 SETI’s Website: https://seti.org In Her Orbit (article): https://nytimes.com/interactive/2018/03/22/magazine/voyages-nathalie-cabrol-searching-mars-life-on-earth.html PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (06:47) – Working in extreme environments (11:26) – Water and life on Mars (19:31) – Origin of life (37:00) – Complexity (40:37) – AI (49:23) – Extinction (57:06) – Fermi Paradox (1:10:48) – SETI research (1:13:39) – Diving in volcanic lakes (1:32:57) – Surviving an earthquake on a volcano (1:43:37) – Resilience of life (1:51:31) – Life below the surface of Mars (2:00:26) – Depression (2:04:08) – Mortality

19 Des 20222h 12min

Michael Malice is a political thinker, podcaster, author, and anarchist. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – House of Macadamias: https://houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% of your first order – InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off – NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour – SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex EPISODE LINKS: Michael’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/michaelmalice Michael’s Community: https://malice.locals.com Michael’s YouTube: https://youtube.com/channel/UC5tj5QCpJKIl-KIa4Gib5Xw Michael’s Website: http://michaelmalice.com/about Your Welcome podcast: https://bit.ly/30q8oz1 Books: The White Pill (book) http://whitepillbook.com The Anarchist Handbook (book): https://amzn.to/3yUb2f0 The New Right (book): https://amzn.to/34gxLo3 Dear Reader (book): https://amzn.to/2HPPlHS PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:43) – Santa and the White Pill (10:30) – Marxism and Anarchism (25:48) – The case for socialism (29:59) – Human nature and ideology (38:20) – Cynicism (54:05) – Twitter (58:46) – October Revolution (1:01:56) – Trotsky, Lenin, and Stalin (1:06:22) – Communism (1:30:08) – Suppression of speech (1:52:04) – Twitter Files (1:59:08) – Self-publishing (2:12:27) – Kulaks and starvation (2:49:42) – The Great Terror (2:58:00) – Lavrentiy Beria (3:04:25) – Joseph Stalin (3:13:00) – Iron Curtain (3:25:29) – Ideologies vs leaders (3:29:21) – Emma Goldman (3:33:41) – White pill moments (3:45:04) – Hope for the future

15 Des 20223h 47min

Ed Calderon is a security specialist who worked on counter-narcotics and organized crime investigation in Mexico. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Policygenius: https://www.policygenius.com/ – Bambee: https://bambee.com and use code LEX to get free HR audit – Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off – InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off EPISODE LINKS: Ed’s Instagram: https://instagram.com/manifestoradiopodcast Ed’s Patreon: https://patreon.com/edsmanifesto Ed’s Website: https://edsmanifesto.com Ed’s Field Notes: https://edsmanifesto.com/field-notes Ed’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/eds_manifesto PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:13) – Corruption (40:55) – Cartels (56:16) – El Chapo (1:13:27) – Weapons (1:25:33) – Assassinations (1:34:20) – Counter-ambush teams (1:57:46) – PTSD and alcohol (2:20:25) – Improvised weapons (2:23:57) – Street fights (2:52:54) – Kidnapping (2:57:10) – Escaping restraints (3:06:38) – Imitation (3:15:06) – Narco cults (3:28:01) – Adolfo Constanzo (3:32:29) – Fentanyl (3:49:14) – Immigration (4:00:34) – Advice for young people (4:09:06) – Mortality

12 Des 20224h 11min

Coffeezilla is a journalist and investigator on YouTube who exposes financial frauds, scams, and fake gurus. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Rocket Money: https://rocketmoney.com/lex – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex to get special savings – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off – MasterClass: https://masterclass.com/lex to get 15% off EPISODE LINKS: Coffeezilla’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/Coffeezilla Coffeezilla’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/coffeebreak_YT Coffeezilla’s Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/coffeebreak_yt PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (06:04) – Coffee (08:13) – SBF and FTX (22:54) – $8 billion (32:01) – Evil vs incompetence (41:57) – Key lessons from FTX collapse (55:15) – Should SBF go to jail? (1:03:02) – Role of influencers and celebrities (1:07:30) – How FTX covered up fraud (1:11:26) – Interview with SBF (1:26:29) – SafeMoon fraud (1:32:41) – Bitcoin (1:43:20) – Psychology of investigating fraud (1:52:26) – Investigating politics and corruption (1:59:39) – Coffeezilla origin story (2:04:19) – MLM marketing scams (2:11:58) – Andrew Tate and Hustlers University (2:29:40) – Save the Kids crypto scandal (2:36:59) – Money and fame (2:44:03) – MrBeast (2:50:26) – Fake gurus and Get-Rich-Quick schemes (3:09:45) – Process of investigation (3:22:31) – Twitter Files release (3:31:36) – Time management and productivity (3:43:36) – Advice for young people

9 Des 20223h 51min

Noam Brown is a research scientist at FAIR, Meta AI, co-creator of AI that achieved superhuman level performance in games of No-Limit Texas Hold’em and Diplomacy. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – True Classic Tees: https://trueclassictees.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off – Audible: https://audible.com/lex to get 30-day free trial – InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/lex to get 20% off – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Noam’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/polynoamial Noam’s LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/noam-brown-8b785b62/ webDiplomacy: https://webdiplomacy.net/ Noam’s papers: Superhuman AI for multiplayer poker: https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10119653 Superhuman AI for heads-up no-limit poker: https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10077416 Human-level play in the game of Diplomacy: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ade9097 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (05:37) – No Limit Texas Hold ’em (09:30) – Solving poker (22:40) – Poker vs Chess (29:18) – AI playing poker (1:02:46) – Heads-up vs Multi-way poker (1:13:37) – Greatest poker player of all time (1:17:10) – Diplomacy game (1:27:01) – AI negotiating with humans (2:09:26) – AI in geopolitics (2:14:11) – Human-like AI for games (2:20:12) – Ethics of AI (2:24:26) – AGI (2:28:25) – Advice to beginners

6 Des 20222h 33min

Roger Gracie is a legendary jiu jitsu competitor and MMA fighter. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Bambee: https://bambee.com and use code LEX to get free HR audit – Mizzen+Main: https://mizzenandmain.com and use code LEX to get $35 off – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex to get 25% off premium – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex to get 1 month of fish oil EPISODE LINKS: Roger’s Instagram: https://instagram.com/rogergracie/ Roger’s Website: https://rogergracie.com/ Roger’s Online Jiu Jitsu: https://rogergracietv.com/ Roger’s match against Marcus “Buchecha” Almeida: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_L-Ni7bFAHg Watch full matches at FloGrappling: https://flograppling.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:26) – The moments before a match (15:17) – Confidence (29:43) – Greatest jiu jitsu match of all time (51:04) – Renzo Gracie (1:03:21) – Braveheart (1:04:44) – Self-belief (1:18:50) – Cross-collar choke (1:22:53) – Mount position (1:39:07) – How to progress in jiu jitsu (1:41:22) – Best submission in jiu jitsu (1:45:55) – The greatest competitor of all time (1:48:01) – Roger’s statistics (1:55:57) – MMA vs jiu jitsu (2:04:25) – Gordon Ryan (2:16:51) – John Danaher (2:19:23) – Bear fight (2:22:21) – Tie (2:32:53) – Advice for beginners (2:42:13) – Drilling (2:50:09) – Roger vs Bear, Lion, Gorilla, and Anaconda (2:55:14) – Advice for young people (3:05:02) – Love

3 Des 20220s