CANCER UNCOVERED | Podcast with Rasesh Shah | Cognitive Cocktail EP-05

Cancer is a broad term for a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in death. Here is a comprehensive overview: About our guest- Dr. Sabina Rumao - Histopathologist MBBS ( KEM Hospital ) MD Pathology ( Tata Memorial Hospital ) FRCPath ( London) In the episode she talks about - Types of Cancer- Cancer can originate almost anywhere in the body. Some common types include: 1. Carcinomas: Begin in the skin or tissues that line internal organs. Examples include breast, lung, and colon cancer. 2. Sarcomas: Originate in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, or other connective tissues. 3. Leukaemia's: Cancers of the blood-forming tissues, such as bone marrow. 4. Lymphomas: Affect the lymphatic system. 5. Central nervous system cancers: Include cancers of the brain and spinal cord. Causes and Risk Factors- Cancer can be caused by genetic mutations that occur over time or are inherited. Risk factors include: - Lifestyle factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, poor diet, and lack of physical activity. - Environmental exposures: Such as to certain chemicals, radiation, and ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. - Infections: Certain viruses (like HPV, Hepatitis B and C) and bacteria (like Helicobacter pylori) can increase cancer risk. - Genetics: Some cancers run in families due to inherited genetic mutations. Symptoms- Symptoms vary widely depending on the type and location of the cancer but may include: - Unexplained weight loss - Fatigue - Persistent pain - Skin changes - Changes in bowel or bladder habits - Unusual bleeding or discharge - Lumps or thickening of tissue Diagnosis- Diagnosing cancer typically involves: 1. Medical history and physical examination. 2. Diagnostic imaging: X-rays, CT scans, MRI, PET scans, and ultrasounds. 3. Laboratory tests: Blood and urine tests to identify biomarkers. 4. Biopsy: Removing a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. ### Staging Staging describes the extent of cancer in the body and helps determine the prognosis and treatment options. Stages range from 0 (carcinoma in situ) to IV (advanced cancer with metastasis). Treatment- Treatment depends on the type, stage, and location of cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health. Common treatments include: - Surgery: Removing the tumor and surrounding tissue. - Radiation therapy: Using high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells. - Chemotherapy: Using drugs to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing. - Targeted therapy: Drugs that target specific molecules involved in cancer growth and spread. - Immunotherapy: Boosts the body's immune system to fight cancer. - Hormone therapy: Blocks or removes hormones that fuel certain cancers (like breast and prostate cancer). Prevention- While not all cancers can be prevented, risk can be reduced by: - Avoiding tobacco - Eating a healthy diet - Maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active - Protecting skin from excessive sun exposure - Getting vaccinated against viral infections like HPV and hepatitis B - Regular screening and self-examinations to detect cancer early Research and Advances- Cancer research is continually evolving. Recent advances include: - Genomic profiling: Helps tailor treatments based on the genetic makeup of a patient's cancer. - CAR-T cell therapy: A type of immunotherapy that modifies T-cells to better attack cancer cells. - Liquid biopsies: Less invasive tests to detect cancer cells or DNA in blood. Living with Cancer- Managing cancer often involves addressing physical, emotional, and social challenges. Supportive care services such as pain management, nutritional advice, and psychological support are essential components of comprehensive cancer care. For the latest information, it's beneficial to consult resources like thej American Cancer Society, National Cancer Institute, and World Health Organization. Follow us on social media handles: Instagram - Cognitive Cocktail https://www.instagram.com/cognitivecocktail Instagram - Ishan Vaastu instagram.com/rasesh_ishanvaastu Ishan Vaastu website ishanvaastu.com Disclaimer- Before we dive into today's episode, we want to remind you that the views and opinions expressed by the hosts and guests are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of the podcast or its sponsors. The information provided is for educational purposes only, and should not be taken as professional advice. Always consult with a qualified expert or professional regarding any specific questions or concerns you may have. Now, let's get into the show!" #cognitivecocktail #podcast #hindi #trending #ishanvaastu #cancer #raseshshah