Gerrymandering in Portugal
EEG Investiga12 Nov 2024

Gerrymandering in Portugal

Rodrigues, M., Meza, O., & Navarro, C. (2024). Gerrymandering to survive: an explanation of the political conditions that shaped mayors’ decisions over an amalgamation process in Portugal. Local Government Studies, 1–23. doi: 10.1080/03003930.2024.2404104


A reforma territorial portuguesa de 2013, que visava reduzir o número de freguesias, foi utilizada por alguns presidentes de câmara como uma oportunidade para manipular as fronteiras eleitorais a seu favor, num processo conhecido como gerrymandering. O estudo de Rodrigues, Meza e Navarro (2024) analisa como a vulnerabilidade política dos autarcas e a facilidade em controlar a assembleia municipal influenciaram as suas decisões na fusão de freguesias.

Os resultados apontam que presidentes de câmara com menor apoio nas freguesias, mas com maioria na assembleia municipal, foram mais propensos a fundir freguesias de oposição ou diluir os seus votos em freguesias maiores, aumentando o número de freguesias alinhadas com o seu partido. A necessidade de formar coligações para aprovar as fusões limitou a intensidade do gerrymandering, evidenciando o papel da oposição na contenção de abusos.

O estudo alerta para as consequências da reforma, que concentrou poder nas mãos de alguns autarcas e poderá ter prejudicado a representatividade democrática a nível local. As conclusões realçam a importância de considerar as motivações políticas em processos de reforma administrativa, para além dos aspetos económicos e de eficiência.

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