Emergency Medical Minute21 Jun 2019

Podcast # 481: Medical Errors and Cognitive Bias

Contributor: Peter Bakes, MD

Educational Pearls:

While there are many different types of medical error, one of the most common errors in emergency medicine is failure to diagnose
Systematic error in thinking that negatively affects judgement
Medical errors are often driven by cognitive biases, which include anchoring, attribution, and availability
Anchoring bias occurs when early information leads to premature closure on a single diagnosis. There is subsequent failure to consider alternative diagnoses, even in the face of conflicting new data and test results.
Attribution bias occurs when assumptions about personal and medical characteristics are made about a specific group of people.
Availability bias occurs when recent experiences drive providers to over or under consider diagnoses.

References

Croskerry P. Cognitive forcing strategies in clinical decisionmaking. Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Jan;41(1):110-20. doi: 10.1067/mem.2003.22. PubMed PMID: 12514691.

Redelmeier DA. Improving patient care. The cognitive psychology of missed diagnoses. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Jan 18;142(2):115-20. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-142-2-200501180-00010. PubMed PMID: 15657159.

https://www.nuemblog.com/blog/cognitive-bias

Summarized by Will Dewispelaere, MS4 | Edited by Erik Verzemnieks, MD

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