The Biology of Taste Perception & Sugar Craving | Dr. Charles Zuker
Huberman Lab18 Jul 2022

The Biology of Taste Perception & Sugar Craving | Dr. Charles Zuker

My guest this episode is Charles Zuker, Ph.D., Professor of Biochemistry, Molecular Biophysics and Neuroscience at Columbia University and an Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Dr. Zuker is the world’s leading expert in the biology of taste, thirst and craving. His laboratory explores the mechanisms of taste perception, focusing on how our conscious and unconscious processing of specific foods and nutrients guide our actions and behaviors. We discuss the neural circuits of taste, the “gut-brain axis,” the basis of food cravings and the key difference between wanting (craving) and liking (perceiving) sugar. We also explore how taste perception relates to specific food satiety, thirst, to our emotions, and expectation. We also consider how sugar containing and highly-processed foods can hijack the natural balance of the taste and digestive systems. Dr. Zuker provides a true masterclass in the biology of taste and perception that ought to be of interest to anyone curious about how the brain works, our motivated behaviors and the neural, chemical perceptual aspects of the mind. For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Waking Up: https://wakingup.com/huberman Momentous: https://livemomentous.com/huberman Timestamps (00:00:00) Dr. Charles Zuker & Taste Perception (00:03:22) Sponsors: AG1, LMNT (00:08:35) Sensory Detection vs. Sensory Perception (00:11:48) Individual Variations within Perception, Color (00:16:20) Perceptions & Behaviors (00:20:19) The 5 Taste Modalities (00:26:18) Aversive Taste, Bitter Taste (00:28:00) Survival-Based & Evolutionary Reasons for Taste Modalities, Taste vs. Flavor (00:30:14) Additional Taste Modalities: Fat & Metallic Perception (00:34:02) Tongue “Taste Map,” Taste Buds & Taste Receptors (00:39:34) Burning Your Tongue & Perception (00:42:54) The “Meaning” of Taste Stimuli, Sweet vs. Bitter, Valence (00:51:55) Positive vs. Negative Neuronal Activation & Behavior (00:56:16) Acquired Tastes, Conditioned Taste Aversion (01:01:44) Olfaction (Smell) vs. Taste, Changing Tastes over One’s Lifetime (01:09:14) Integration of Odor & Taste, Influence on Behavior & Emotion (01:17:26) Sensitization to Taste, Internal State Modulation, Salt (01:24:05) Taste & Saliva: The Absence of Taste (01:28:10) Sugar & Reward Pleasure Centers; Gut-Brain Axis, Anticipatory Response (01:36:23) Vagus Nerve (01:43:09) Insatiable Sugar Appetite, Liking vs. Wanting, Gut-Brain Axis (01:52:03) Tool: Sugar vs. Artificial Sweeteners, Curbing Appetite (01:54:06) Cravings & Gut-Brain Axis (01:57:30) Nutrition, Gut-Brain Axis & Changes in Behavior (02:01:53) Fast vs. Slow Signaling & Reinforcement, Highly Processed Foods (02:10:38) Favorite Foods: Enjoyment, Sensation & Context (02:15:58) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous Supplements, Instagram, Twitter, Neural Network Newsletter Disclaimer Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Episoder(363)

Master Your Sleep & Be More Alert When Awake

Master Your Sleep & Be More Alert When Awake

Today's episode provides a host of information on what makes us sleepy, sleep soundly, and feel awake and alert. It covers a broad range of tools for anyone wishing to improve their sleep and wakeful state. The science and logic for each tool are described. Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction   00:01:23 Sponsors: AG1, LMNT, Waking Up   00:06:54 What Is Sleep Really For?   00:09:33 Sleep Hunger   00:11:09 Caffeine: Devil & Angel   00:15:34 Timing Your Sleep Properly   00:17:30 Release Your Hormones (At The Right Times)   00:18:45 (Pineal) Melatonin Warning   00:24:30 Strange Vision Is Good Vision   00:32:50 Blue Light Is Great!   00:37:00 The Real Problem With Smartphones   00:38:30 Blind / Low Vision People   00:39:45 Using Exercise & Food To Set Your Clock   00:42:00 The Power of Sunset   00:45:43 The Healthy Holes In Your Skull   00:48:15 Bad Light   00:51:11 Light Location   00:53:00 Fire / Candlelight   00:54:00 When To Eat   00:54:40 How To Wake Up Earlier   01:08:00 Using The Body To Control The Mind   01:10:00 Drugs & Supplements   01:18:00 Sleep Walking   01:20:00 Office Hours   Disclaimer & Disclosures Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

11 Jan 20211h 21min

How Your Brain Works & Changes

How Your Brain Works & Changes

Today’s episode provides an introduction to how the nervous system works to create sensations, perceptions, emotions, thoughts and behaviors, as well as how we can change our nervous system—a phenomenon known as neuroplasticity. The information sets the stage for all Huberman Lab podcast episodes that follow by covering neurons, synapses, brain chemicals and the rhythms that control our ability to focus, learn and sleep… and more. Thank you for your interest in science. We'll see you next week! Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com. Use Ask Huberman Lab, our new AI-powered platform, for a summary, clips, and insights from this episode. Thank you to our sponsors AG1: https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlab Timestamps 00:00:00 Introduction   00:02:25 Sponsors: AG1 & LMNT   00:07:57 What is the Nervous System   00:07:25 Deja Vu   00:08:09 How War, Guns & Soap Shaped Our Understanding of the Brain   00:10:47 Jennifer Aniston Neurons   00:11:58 Sensations   00:13:30 Magnetic Sensing & Mating   00:14:51 Perceptions & The Spotlight of Attention   00:16:33 Multi-Tasking Is Real   00:17:45 Bottom-Up vs. Top-Down Control of Behavior   00:18:38 Focusing the Mind   00:21:47 Antidepressants   00:25:01 Thoughts & Thought Control   00:25:56 Actions   00:30:40 How We Control Our Impulses   00:33:44 Neuroplasticity: The Holy Grail of Neuroscience   00:38:34 The Portal to Neuroplasticity   00:43:53 Accelerating Learning in Sleep   00:47:29 The Pillar of Plasticity   00:52:22 Leveraging Ultradian Cycles & Self Experimentation   00:57:17 Summary   00:58:03 Zero-Cost Support, Feedback, Reviews   Disclaimer & Disclosures Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

4 Jan 20211h 1min

Welcome to the Huberman Lab Podcast

Welcome to the Huberman Lab Podcast

Welcome to the Huberman Lab podcast, a new podcast from Dr. Andrew Huberman. The podcast can also be found on YouTube. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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