Robinson's Podcast

Richard Wolff is Professor Emeritus of Economics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and a visiting professor at The New School, where he works on economics in the Marxist tradition. This is Richard’s seventh appearance on Robinson’s Podcast. In his last appearance, episode #230, he and Robinson discussed Richard’s arguments against electing Donald Trump for president, as well as his analysis of the election. In this episode, Richard and Robinson talk about 2025 and the first weeks of Trump’s presidency, as well as what’s to come. More particularly, they discuss the irrelevance of Donald Trump, his domestic and global policies, China, narratives on the right and left, and the future of the United States. Richard’s latest book is Understanding Capitalism (Democracy at Work, 2024).Understanding Capitalism (Book): https://www.democracyatwork.info/understanding_capitalismClass Theory and History (Book): https://a.co/d/ht4trZNUnderstanding the 2024 Elections (Article): https://asiatimes.com/2024/08/capitalism-mass-anger-and-2024-elections/Richard’s Website: https://www.rdwolff.comEconomic Update: https://www.democracyatwork.info/economicupdateOUTLINE00:00 Introduction05:48 Three Months Later: Why Did Trump Defeat Harris?08:34 How the Left Can Defeat Donald Trump12:57 Donald J. Trump Is a Naughty Boy15:06 Why Kamala Harris Lost the Election16:27 Why Trump Won the Longshoremen’s Union (Because the Left Failed Them)25:23 Is Victor Davis Hanson Wrong About the Elites’ War on the Working Class?36:31 Did West Coast Elites Cause the LA Wildfire Disaster (Is Victor Davis Hanson Wrong?)?42:26 Why Richard Wolff Enjoys Tucker Carlson47:02 Can Psychoanalysis and the Subconscious Explain Donald Trump’s Victory?54:32 Why Unemployment Tanked Harris in the Election59:45 Deep Seek, The Chinese Phenomenon1:05:31 The Astonishing Story of How China Came to Dominate Elon Musk Over Electric Cars1:13:25 Donald Trump’s Huge Misunderstanding About Tariffs1:17:44 Donald Trump’s Irrational Bluster Tactics1:20:04 Richard Wolff Exposes Donald Trump’s Contradictions About Immigration1:34:23 The Marxist Truth About Why Immigrants Are a Gift to the United States1:41:37 The Weakness of the American Empire1:44:34 Why Trump’s Policies Will Increase Illegal Mexican Immigration and Drug Trafficking1:47:58 Should Trump Make Canada the 51st State?1:51:04 How Elites Rejected Donald Trump and Created the Man He Became1:54:45 On Larry Summers’s Debacle at Harvard (And How Donald Trump Did It Better)1:59:25 Why Donald Trump Wants to Take the Panama Canal (And the Actual Best Reason to Control It)2:02:33 How American Neocons Failed to Stop China From the World Superpower2:13:29 How the BRICS Are Drastically Outperforming the American Economy2:20:14 On Europe’s Impending Economic Doom2:25:18 Is There a Fatal Contradiction in Trump’s Climate Policy?2:30:03 On Donald Trump’s Anti-Elitist, Anti-DEI Rhetoric2:33:20 How Will AI Affect China and America’s Economic War?2:43:19 How Elon Musk is Only an Unsuccessful Bureaucrat2:45:04 How China’s Communist Government Is More Efficient than the United States’s2:48:11 Why the United States Is the Aggressor Against China2:51:10 Why Trump Thinks We Should Conquer Greenland3:02:18 On China’s Number One Global Priority3:09:41 What Marxists Learned from the Failure of the Soviet Union3:15:23 Some Key Lessons from Marx’s Kapital3:21:56 On How History Will Overwhelm Trump In the Next Four Years3:26:30 Donald Trump and the Gulf of America3:28:28 Why We Should Expect More of the Same from Donald Trump3:32:26 On His Hope For a Brighter Future From the LeftRobinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.comRobinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

9 Feb 3h 40min

Victor Davis Hanson is a renowned classicist, military historian, and political commentator. He is the Martin and Illie Anderson Senior Fellow in Residence in Classics and Military History at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University. Among numerous other awards, Victor was presented with the National Humanities Medal in 2007. Victor most recently appeared on episode #231, which came out just before the 2024 election, and where he made a case to vote for Donald Trump. In this episode, Robinson and Victor discuss the results of the election and President Trump’s inauguration. More particularly, they talk about the biggest challenges he will face as president, the class- and culture war in the United States, Trump’s rhetorical abilities, the California wildfires, and geopolitics, including our relationships with China, Canada, Russia, and the Middle East. Keep up with Victor on Twitter, through his website, and on his podcast, The Victor Davis Hanson Show. Victor’s Website: https://victorhanson.com Victor’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/VDHanson The Victor Davis Hanson Show: https://art19.com/shows/the-victor-davis-hanson-show The End of Everything: https://a.co/d/46O0mMB The Case for Trump: https://a.co/d/8Bf0OdC OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 00:53 Victor’s Biggest Worries For Donald Trump’s Presidency 06:38 Donald Trump, The Troll 10:53 Should Donald Trump and the United States Annex Greenland and Canada? 12:50 Will President Donald Trump Take Over the Panama Canal? 14:57 Why the World Fears Donald Trump 17:53 Are the CIA and FBI More Damaging to the United States than Donald Trump? 25:33 The Ideological Disease that Caused the California Wildfire Disaster 28:33 How Victor’s Life Was Saved by Three Hispanic Women 30:08 Is Donald Trump the Problem with America, or Something Else? 32:13 The Real Reason People Hate Donald Trump 34:04 Victor Davis Hanson’s Rude Awakening at Stanford from University Elites 37:43 How California’s Incompetence Destroyed Its Own Water Supply 45:16 Did California Elites Cause the Los Angeles Wildfire Disaster? 50:48 Why Competence Defeated Ideology in Trump’s 2024 Election Victory 54:41 Does Donald Trump Have an Incompetent Cabinet? 1:04:45 Who’s More Competent? Blue Collar Americans or Bicoastal Elites? 1:07:07 Is China Trump’s Biggest Challenge? 1:11:44 Will the Middle East Finally See Peace Under Trump? Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

26 Jan 1h 16min

Raphael Bousso is the Chancellor’s Chair in Physics at the Berkeley Center for Theoretical Physics, where he leads the Bousso Group in research on quantum gravity and quantum information. He is a renowned string theorist famous also for his development of the string theoretic landscape and the Bousso bound in holography. In this episode, Robinson and Raphael talk about the foundations of quantum mechanics and whether or not there are any deep mysteries within the theory that remain to be solved, and whether philosophical discussion of these issues is overblown. More particularly, they get into what quantum theories tell us about the world, whether we need different interpretations of quantum mechanics, whether the final theory of the universe will be quantum mechanical, how quantum mechanics connects to cosmology, the multiverse, and quantum gravity, and more. The Bousso Group: https://lightsheet.berkeley.edu OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 00:58 Raphael’s Interest in the Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics 06:11 What Does Quantum Mechanics Tell Us About the World? 19:43 Just What Is an Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics? 26:17 Are There Serious Holes in Quantum Mechanics? 31:01 Schrödinger’s Cat 45:11 UV Completion 48:57 Will The Final Theory of Physics Be Quantum Mechanical? 58:00 How Cosmology Might Help Answer Questions About Quantum Mechanics 1:13:44 String Theory and the Multiverse 1:20:39 How the Multiverse Can Explain Probability 1:30:01 Will the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics Help Us Solve Quantum Gravity? Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

19 Jan 1h 37min

Robinson’s Podcast #240 - Peter Godfrey-Smith: Cuttlefish, Octopuses, and the Consciousness of Mysterious Minds Peter Godfrey-Smith is a professor in the School of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. He has also taught at Stanford University and Harvard University. Among other topics, he has researched the philosophy of biology and mind, and is very well-known for his book Other Minds: The Octopus, The Sea, and the Deep Origins of Consciousness (FSG, 2016). In this episode, Peter and Robinson discuss that book, as well as his latest, Living on Earth (William Collins, 2024). More particularly, they discuss cuttlefish, octopuses, consciousness, metaethics, and animal welfare. Peter’s Website: https://petergodfreysmith.com Living on Earth: https://a.co/d/9MvUFHV OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 01:10 Scuba Diving with Cuttlefish and Octopuses 09:43 Why Did Creatures Evolve Nervous Systems? 16:18 Why Did Conscious Minds Evolve? 27:23 Why Do We Believe that Other Animals Have Minds? 36:49 Do Shrimp or Fish Feel Pain? 47:01 What’s It Like to Be an Octopus? 57:32 What Is Metaethics? 1:04:57 First-Order Ethics 1:08:12 Is It Morally Acceptable to Eat Animals? 1:16:04 What Does Peter Eat? 1:29:49 Future Work

12 Jan 1h 31min

Ned Block is Silver Professor at New York University in the Departments of Philosophy and Psychology, where he works on the philosophy of mind, the philosophy of neuroscience, and cognitive science. In this episode, Robinson and Ned discuss some of the titans he studied under, ChatGPT and the nature of artificial intelligence, the Turing Test, androids, consciousness, the connection between seeing and thinking, blindsight, change blindness, and more. Ned’s most recent book is The Border Between Seeing and Thinking (OUP, 2023). Ned’s Website: https://www.nedblock.us The Border Between Seeing and Thinking: https://a.co/d/fqVb7gj OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 00:53 Ned’s Entry into Philosophy of Mind 02:08 On Hilary Putnam, John Rawls, and Philippa Foot 08:10 Can ChatGPT Do Multiplication? 10:57 Does Noam Chomsky Understand ChatGPT? 13:11 Is the Turing Test Completely Wrong? 17:52 On Daniel Dennett 23:46 On Michael Graziano and the Attention Schema Theory of Consciousness 26:03 Are Animals Conscious? 30:51 Does ChatGPT Pass the Turing Test? 36:53 Mary in the White Room 41:16 The Blockhead Thought Experiment 45:53 How to Show that ChatGPT Is Dumb 48:51 Why Can’t ChatGPT Reason About Images? 51:48 How to Create an Android 55:10 What Is Thought? 1:00:13 Susan Carey 1:03:19 Are There Different Kinds of Consciousness? 1:05:10 On Psychoanalysis 1:06:08 What Are Blindsight and Change Blindness? 1:11:38 The Difference Between Seeing and Thinking 1:16:03 Was Helen Keller Conscious? 1:18:39 Are Salmon Conscious? 1:20:58 What Are the Dominant Theories of Consciousness? 1:27:35 Do We Know What Consciousness Is? 1:31:25 Functionalism and Mental Properties Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

29 Des 20241h 35min

Barry Loewer is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers. Before that he did his PhD in philosophy at Stanford. Barry works largely in the philosophy of physics, the philosophy of science, and metaphysics. This is Barry’s third appearance on the show. He was last on episode 189 with David Albert, in which Robinson, David, and Barry discussed David and Barry’s joint program known as “The Mentaculus”, which they use to solve many problems in the foundations of physics, from probability to the direction of time. In this episode, Barry and Robinson discuss the philosophical foundations of science, touching on the relationship between science and pseudoscience, Karl Popper, string theory, scientific realism, and many other important debates and figures. If you’re interested in the foundations of physics, then please check out the the John Bell Institute for the Foundations of Physics, which is devoted to providing a home for research and education in this important area. Any donations are immensely helpful at this early stage in the institute’s life. The Probability Map of the Universe: https://a.co/d/4XoYTMY The John Bell Institute: https://www.johnbellinstitute.org OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 7:53 On Pseudoscience and Astrology 11:40 Falsification as a Criterion of Science 16:40 Is String Theory Pseudoscience? 20:14 On Marxism 24:45 What Is Scientific Realism? 34:35 On Hilary Putnam 42:16 Science Vs Metaphysics 48:32 Time in Science and Metaphysics 52:38 On Fundamentalia 56:01 On Reductionism 1:00:04 On Consciousness and Emergence 1:04:56 On Causation 1:25:52 On Time Travel 1:28:29 On Explanation and Thermodynamics 1:39:23 On Free Will 1:47:00 The Laws of Nature Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

15 Des 20242h 1min

Tim Maudlin is Professor of Philosophy at NYU and Founder and Director of the John Bell Institute for the Foundations of Physics. This is Tim’s seventh appearance on the show. He last appeared on episode 210 with David Albert for a discussion of the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. In this episode, Tim and Robinson talk about Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity, explaining it from the ground up and elucidating some common misconceptions. More particularly, they get into Einstein’s magnificent mind, how special relativity displaced the theory of the ether, absolute and relative space, the speed and nature of light, the possibility of time travel, relativistic quantum mechanics, and more. If you’re interested in the foundations of physics, then please check out the JBI, which is devoted to providing a home for research and education in this important area. Any donations are immensely helpful at this early stage in the institute’s life. Tim’s Website: www.tim-maudlin.site The John Bell Institute: https://www.johnbellinstitute.org OUTLINE 00:00 Introduction 01:59 The Amazing Fertility of Einstein's Mind 08:50 The Mysterious Ether and Why It Isn't All Around Us 25:01 Einstein Versus Relative and Absolute Space 29:58 The Single Most Important Experiment in Physics 45:23 Special Relativity and Absolute Space 53:56 The Conceptual Clarity of Genius Physicists 1:01:05 A Thought Experiment to Explain Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity 1:13:48 Is the Speed of Light an Illusion? 1:23:33 Richard Feynman's Big Mistake About Einstein 1:34:23 On Einstein and the Possibility of Time Travel 1:42:53 Is Special Relativity Compatible with Quantum Mechanics? 1:49:55 Relativistic Bohmian Mechanics 1:57:00 Does Anything Move Faster than Light? 1:59:03 The John Bell Institute for the Foundations of Physics Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University.

8 Des 20242h 3min

David Albert is the Frederick E. Woodbridge Professor of Philosophy at Columbia University, director of the Philosophical Foundations of Physics program at Columbia, and a faculty member of the John Bell Institute for the Foundations of Physics. This is David’s ninth appearance on Robinson’s Podcast. He last appeared on episode 221 to discuss the measurement problem of quantum mechanics. In this episode, David gives a pedagogical and introductory overview of the problem of time’s arrow, which is one of the most enduring of all physical and philosophical puzzles. David’s most recent book is A Guess at the Riddle (2023). If you’re interested in the foundations of physics, then please check out the JBI, which is devoted to providing a home for research and education in this important area. Any donations are immensely helpful at this early stage in the institute’s life. A Guess at the Riddle: https://a.co/d/6qcsidl The John Bell Institute: https://www.johnbellinstitute.org OUTLINE 00:58 The Tension Between Past and Future in Physics 8:56 The Arrow of Time in Life and Physics 12:26 The Three Arrows of Time 18:12 Entropy and the Direction of Time 29:12 Thermodynamics and the Problem of the Past 38:26 Why Do We Remember the Past But Not the Future? 48:46 Two Ways to Understand the Past 1:04:21 Why Can We Affect the Future But Not the Past 1:17:51 Why Can Agents Control the Future but not the Past? 1:26:57 Can the Laws of Quantum Physics Be Run Backward? 1:33:11 The Connection Between the Foundations of Quantum Physics and Statistical Mechanics 1:41:53 Cosmology and the Past Hypothesis 1:44:25 Why are Left and Right Different from Past and Future? 1:49:28 The Difference Between Space and Time 1:57:14 Is Time a Fundamental Part of Reality? 1:59:14 Future Work Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University

2 Des 20242h 2min