Real Roman History27 Mars

Episode 14. Carthage: The Other Power

Works Cited Primary Sources

Aristotle. Politics, Book II (c. 340 BCE). The primary source for Carthaginian constitutional arrangements. Available in translation via the MIT Internet Classics Archive.
Polybius. Histories (c. 140 BCE). For the treaties with Rome and the Punic Wars; the most reliable ancient source for the period.

Secondary Sources

Hoyos, Dexter. Mastering the West: Rome and Carthage at War. 2015. Best single-volume account of the Punic Wars, reliable and accessible.
Lancel, Serge. Carthage: A History. Translated by Antonia Nevill, 1995. The standard modern history of Carthage, by the archaeologist who excavated the Punic residential quarter on the Byrsa. Essential.
Miles, Richard. Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization. 2010. Excellent popular history, good on cultural context, sympathetic to Carthage.
Quinn, Josephine. In Search of the Phoenicians. 2018. Challenges some conventional narratives about Phoenician identity; important for the foundation period.
Warmington, B. H. Carthage. 1960. Older but still useful, particularly on the constitution and institutions.

Note on the Tophet

The tophet debate is ongoing and technical. Listeners who want to dig into it should start with Quinn’s In Search of the Phoenicians for a skeptical view of the sacrifice interpretation, and Xella et al. in Antiquity(2013) for the strongest recent case for sacrifice. The Oxford University press release (2014) on Quinn, Vella, and collaborators is freely available online and gives a readable summary of the archaeological evidence. The debate is not fully resolved, and honesty requires saying so.

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Avsnitt(78)

Episode 77. The Origins of Christianity

Works Cited Primary Sources The book of Acts. Composed approximately 80 to 90 CE by the same author as the Gospel of Luke. The principal narrative source for the early Christian community in Jerusalem...

14 Aug 52min

Episode 76. Roman Judaea: From the Covenant to Direct Rule

Works Cited Primary Sources The Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh). The principal source for the pre-Hellenistic period of the Jewish religious tradition. The five books of Torah preserve the foundational mate...

14 Aug 49min

Episode 75. Nero, Part Two: From the Matricide to the Great Fire

Works Cited Primary Sources Cassius Dio. Roman History, Book 62. Greek-language narrative covering this period. Hostile, late, dependent on earlier sources we cannot fully reconstruct. Useful as a che...

14 Aug 35min

Episode 74. Boudicca and the British Revolt

Works Cited Primary Sources Archaeology. The destruction layers at the three burned cities—Camulodunum, Londinium, and Verulamium—constitute the most substantially preserved single-event archaeologica...

4 Aug 38min

Episode 73. Nero, Part One: The Quinquennium

Works Cited Primary Sources Aurelius Victor. De Caesaribus, 5.2. The late-fourth-century source preserving the Trajanic remark about the quinquennium Neronis. The attribution is uncertain and modern s...

4 Aug 47min

Episode 72. Britain: The Province at the Edge of the World

Works Cited Primary Sources Archaeology. The body of archaeological evidence for the Roman conquest of Britain is substantial. The destruction layers at the hill forts of the West Country, including M...

4 Aug 30min

Episode 71. Claudius: The Emperor Behind the Curtain

Works Cited Primary Sources Cassius Dio. Roman History, Book 60. The continuous Greek-language narrative for the full reign. Particularly important for the Britain campaign of 43 CE, where the Tacitea...

4 Aug 57min

Episode 70. Caligula: The Principate Without Restraint

Works CitedPrimary SourcesActa Arvalia for 37 to 41 CE. Fragmentary but informative for the public cult activities and the official framing of the reign.Cassius Dio. Roman History, Book 59. The Greek-...

30 Juli 50min