The Lost Battalion: Lawyer Charles Whittlesey and Cher Ami in the Argonne
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The Lost Battalion: Lawyer Charles Whittlesey and Cher Ami in the Argonne

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Major Charles W. Whittlesey was a polished East Coast lawyer commanding the 1st Battalion of the 308th Infantry in the 77th Division, the Metropolitan Division of poor and immigrant New Yorkers trained at Camp Upton on Long Island. In October 1918 they attacked into the Argonne Forest, ground the Germans had fortified for four years with trench networks, pre-sighted artillery and barbed wire hidden in streams, under orders to hold every gain and treat any retreat order as enemy deception. Whittlesey took his objective, but the units on his flanks were thrown back, and more than 500 men were cut off in a pocket on Hill 198.

Whittlesey banned further breakout attempts after Captain Holderman's costly try and dug in. On October 4 American artillery, misreading their position, shelled the trapped men, and the last pigeon, Cher Ami, was shot down, rose again and carried the message 25 miles in 25 minutes to stop it. The Germans then attacked, and later sent a captured 18-year-old with a written demand for surrender, which Whittlesey simply ignored. Private Abraham Krotoshinsky slipped through enemy lines to guide the relief force in.

  • Runner George W. Quinn was killed carrying a request for mortar support after taking down three enemy soldiers.
  • The men reused bandages taken from the dead and crawled under fire to reach water.
  • German fake signal panels tricked Allied planes into dropping supplies into German positions.
  • Of roughly 554 men who went in, only 194 came out unhurt.
  • Whittlesey received the Medal of Honor and served as a pallbearer for the Unknown Soldier.

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