Virginia Company: Sea Venture Wreck, Lotteries and the House of Burgesses
pplpod23 Okt

Virginia Company: Sea Venture Wreck, Lotteries and the House of Burgesses

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King James I's 1606 charter handed a private joint-stock venture a claim from present-day Maine to the Carolinas, split between a London Company in the south and a Plymouth Company in the north. The crown risked nothing. The Plymouth branch's Popham Colony in Maine collapsed after one brutal winter, leaving Jamestown to carry the enterprise under a London council that had to approve decisions an ocean away while it pressed for gold, silver or a route to Asia.

The 1609 second charter named Thomas West, Lord De La Warr, sole governor. That year's nine-ship relief fleet lost its untested flagship, the Sea Venture, in a hurricane; Admiral George Somers ran it aground on Bermuda and all 150 aboard survived, building two new ships to reach Jamestown in May 1610, where more than 85 percent of 500 colonists had died in the Starving Time. The company kept going through lotteries and courtly spectacle until John Rolfe's sweeter Caribbean tobacco gave it a product. The Great Charter of 1618 brought private land and an elected assembly, but after the 1622 attack James I dissolved the company on May 24, 1624.

  • The Sea Venture's survivors spent 10 months on Bermuda and built the Deliverance and the Patience.
  • Starving Jamestown colonists ate shoe leather and horses.
  • Richard Martin staged a 1613 Whitehall masque at Princess Elizabeth's wedding promoting Virginia's imagined gold.
  • The headright system granted 50 acres to colonists who paid their way to Virginia.
  • After the 1622 attack, about 80 scattered plantations shrank to eight fortified settlements.

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