Ep. 432 AI in Medicine: Navigating the New Frontier with Confidence with Dr. Matthew Lungren

In this episode, host Dr. Sabeen Dhand interviews Dr. John Rundback, interventional radiologist, about distal femoropopliteal disease, including the unique pathophysiology of this area, which stents work best at the adductor canal and the trifurcation, and tips for early operators. --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR Veryan BioMimics 3D® Vascular Stent System https://www.veryanmed.com/usa/products/biomimics-3d-vascular-stent-system/ --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, host Dr. Sabeen Dhand interviews Dr. John Rundback, interventional radiologist, about distal femoropopliteal disease, including the unique pathophysiology of this area, which stents work best at the adductor canal and the trifurcation, and tips for early operators. We begin by discussing peripheral arterial disease (PAD) pathophysiology, specifically in the challenging areas around the adductor canal (Hunter’s canal). Dr. Rundback describes how the femoral artery has twists and turns around this area and that it can experience compressive forces up to 15-20% during motions such as flexion of the knee. Due to this being the most dynamic location of the femoral artery, this is often where plaque rupture will happen, resulting in critical limb ischemia (CLI) and requiring urgent intervention. The two discuss how traditional rigid stents do not work well in this area due to the dynamic nature of the region and the fact that the artery is tortuous and can cause rigid stents to fracture or cause intimal hyperplasia due to turbulent flow. Drug coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty generally does not work for this region due to poor durability. They discuss the utility of the Tack device, a scaffold with minimal metal which is better suited for focal dissections. Dr. Rundback emphasizes the importance of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) during all distal femoropopliteal cases due to the complexity of the region and patient-to-patient variation. He uses IVUS to choose which device and what size to use because measuring on angiography is not accurate in these cases. Finally, they discuss the Supera and BioMimics stents, including the indications, benefits, and ease of deployment of each. Dr. Rundback says that Supera, a woven nitinol stent, gives it the benefit of thermal memory. The difficulty with this stent is the need for aggressive vessel preparation and plaque modification, generally requiring lengthy angioplasty and possibly atherectomy. The BioMimics stent can rotate, curve, and shorten, which is optimal for this region to maintain swirling or helical blood flow rather than causing turbulent flow. The BioMimics stent is also very easy to deploy, and Dr. Rundback generally chooses this stent in locations where he can’t adequately prep the vessel. --- RESOURCES BioMimics 3D stent: https://www.veryanmed.com/international/products/biomimics-3d-vascular-stent-system/ Supera™ Stent: https://www.cardiovascular.abbott/int/en/hcp/products/peripheral-intervention/supera-stent-system/overview.html Tack device: https://www.usa.philips.com/healthcare/product/HCIGTDTCKESYSTM/tack-endovascular-system-dissection-repair-device

30 Maj 202235min

In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall, interventional radiologist, about extravertebral augmentation, new technology in interventional spine, and intrathecal drug pumps. --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR RADPAD® Radiation Protection https://www.radpad.com/ --- EARN CME Reflect on how this Podcast applies to your day-to-day and earn AMA PRA Category 1 CMEs: https://earnc.me/XssSys --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall, interventional radiologist, about extravertebral augmentation, new technology in interventional spine, and intrathecal drug pumps. This is the final installment of our 4-part BackTable VI series on osteoporosis treatment. We begin by discussing insufficiency fractures outside of the vertebral body. Dr. Beall discusses how he has treated insufficiency fractures of the pelvis, sacrum, acetabulum, tibia, and calcaneus. He prefers to use a combination of rebar screws and cement, and he enjoys finding innovative solutions for patients without good options for pain relief. He discusses how he recently used this technique for an SI joint fusion. Next, we discuss two exciting innovations that will propel the field of interventional spine forward in the coming years. First, they discuss disc augmentation with hydrogels such as PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), PEG (polyethylene glycol), and PVP (polyvinyl povidone) which can be used to augment the annulus and nucleus without any requirement for ablation or regeneration. Secondly, Dr. Beall discusses the possibilities of interspinous process devices such as the Minuteman® fusion device. He hopes that technology is moving from spacers (the current method) to anterior column support. He believes that this is possible via Kambin’s Triangle (the space between the exiting nerve root, superior articular process, and transverse process). Finally, we discuss Dr. Beall’s newest book, ‘Intrathecal Pump Drug Delivery’. He attributes the small number of IRs doing this procedure to a lack of familiarity and a “how-to guide”. For this reason, he published his book, which includes types of medications used in intrathecal pumps, medication concentrations, trialing doses, and how the pump is used. He welcomes all IRs interested in learning how to incorporate intrathecal pumps into their practice to reach out to him and follow him on social media to keep up to date on training courses and webinars about this topic. --- RESOURCES Dr. Douglas Beall LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/douglas-beall-604ba68 Dr. Douglas Beall Twitter: @DougBeall Minuteman® interspinous-interlaminar fusion device: https://spinalsimplicity.com/minuteman/ Douglas Beall Books: Intrathecal Pump Drug Delivery Vertebral Augmentation: The Comprehensive Guide to Vertebroplasty, Kyphoplasty, and Implant Augmentation

26 Maj 202251min

In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall, interventional radiologist, about the latest advances in vertebral augmentation, how to reduce complications, and tips for producing successful and sustainable outcomes. --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR RADPAD® Radiation Protection https://www.radpad.com/ --- EARN CME Reflect on how this Podcast applies to your day-to-day and earn AMA PRA Category 1 CMEs: https://earnc.me/PdIxV5 --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall, interventional radiologist, about the latest advances in vertebral augmentation, how to reduce complications, and tips for producing successful and sustainable outcomes. This is the third installment of our 4-part BackTable VI series on osteoporosis treatment. Dr. Beall begins by discussing the newest technique in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures, screw-assisted vertebral augmentation, with emphasis on how it can decrease the excessive vertebral motion induced by a fracture. He uses the three-column approach (anterior, middle, and posterior column) using SpineJack in the front and pedicle screws in the back. They also discuss vertebral body stents and shaped balloons, two emerging technologies that will be available soon. Next, they discuss complications in kyphoplasty and vertebral body augmentation. Dr. Beall shares how to recognize various types of cement extravasation. Importantly, if the cement starts to form a lenticular shape, stop injecting because continued injection will cause the cement to enter the spinal canal. The lenticular, biconvex shape that occurs with this pattern is due to the anterior epidural ligaments and midline anterior epidural ligament. He says to let the cement harden in the anterior epidural space once you reach the basivertebral plexus, and then continue injecting. Extravasation, to some degree, is normal, and recognizing where it is going is the key to avoiding complications. We end by discussing how to improve outcomes. Dr. Beall says that injecting more cement is the best way to produce better outcomes. Lastly, he adds that filling the cleft is the best way to achieve the greatest degree of pain reduction, which ultimately is what indicates a successful outcome. --- RESOURCES Dr. Douglas Beall Twitter: @DougBeall BackTable VI Episode 94, Innovation in Spine Interventions with Dr. Douglas Beall: https://www.backtable.com/shows/vi/podcasts/94/innovation-in-spine-interventions Cianfoni publication on Stent-Screw-Assisted Internal Fixation (SAIF): https://jnis.bmj.com/content/11/6/603 Venmans publication on Pulmonary Emboli during Vertebroplasty: www.ajnr.org/content/29/10/1983

25 Maj 202234min

In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall about current osteoporosis diagnosis criteria, his treatment algorithm, and recent data showing efficacy of osteoanabolic agents and vertebroplasty. --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR DI4MDs Protect your most valuable asset, the skill and ability to practice your medical specialty. Be prepared by establishing a specialty specific disability insurance policy from the experts at DI4MDs. Contact them today at www.Di4MDS.com or call 888-934-4637. --- EARN CME Reflect on how this Podcast applies to your day-to-day and earn AMA PRA Category 1 CMEs: https://earnc.me/oQMiwe --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall about current osteoporosis diagnosis criteria, his treatment algorithm, and recent data showing efficacy of osteoanabolic agents and vertebroplasty. This is the second installment of our 4-part BackTable VI series on osteoporosis treatment. As we continue our conversation from Ep. 208, Dr. Beall outlines his typical follow up protocol for his patients. This includes DEXA scans in the first and second years, prescriptions for antiresorptive and/or osteoanabolic agents, and possible Romosozumab injections. Dr. Beall emphasizes that thoroughness is key to treating the disease process, and each encounter is a reimbursable event that can benefit both the patient and the practice. Next, we shift to talking about the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis. Dr. Beall highlights the fact that there are 4 categories that encompass information about DEXA (T-scores), FRAX scores, and fragility fractures. Sole reliance on DEXA score cutoffs can lead to under-diagnosis and increased mortality risk for patients. Notably, any past fragility fracture in a postmenopausal woman is sufficient for an osteoporosis diagnosis. Dr. Beall shares that 82% of patients with fragility fractures do not have T-scores in the osteoporotic range. On the other hand, there are confounding factors that can give a falsely elevated T-score. As we shift to discussing medications for osteoporosis, Dr. Beall emphasizes the need to consider the order in which they are prescribed. He advocates for initially using osteo anabolics (specifically a PTH analog) for 2 years to build up bone mineral density, and then maintaining that density with antiresorptives afterwards. He notes that with the risk of bisphosphonate side effects like osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fracture, it is unwise to prescribe these antiresorptives as an initial treatment. Finally, we begin the conversation about vertebroplasty and recent trials proving its efficacy in reducing pain and improving function for patients. Tune in to our next 2 installments to learn about Dr. Beall’s clinical pearls for vertebral augmentation! --- RESOURCES Dr. Douglas Beall Twitter: @DougBeall BackTable VI Episode 94, Innovation in Spine Interventions with Dr. Douglas Beall: https://www.backtable.com/shows/vi/podcasts/94/innovation-in-spine-interventions Comparison of thoracolumbosacral orthosis and no orthosis for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures: interim analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical equivalence trial (2009): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19769510/ Comparative study of the treatment outcomes of osteoporotic compression fractures without neurologic injury using a rigid brace, a soft brace, and no brace: a prospective randomized controlled non-inferiority trial (2014): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25471910/ The efficacy of conservative treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures on acute pain relief: a systematic review with meta-analysis (2015): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25725810/ Clinical effect of balloon kyphoplasty in elderly patients with multiple osteoporotic vertebral fracture (2019): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30837413/

24 Maj 202245min

In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall about the importance of interventional radiologists stepping up to address the entire picture of osteoporosis and taking the initiative to treat the underlying cause of the disease. --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR Laurel Road for Doctors https://www.laurelroad.com/healthcare-banking/ --- EARN CME Reflect on how this Podcast applies to your day-to-day and earn AMA PRA Category 1 CMEs: https://earnc.me/xVGPFx --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, host Dr. Jacob Fleming interviews Dr. Douglas Beall about the importance of interventional radiologists stepping up to address the entire picture of osteoporosis and taking the initiative to treat the underlying cause of the disease. This is the first installment of our 4-part BackTable VI series on osteoporosis treatment. Dr. Beall starts by stating his mission: he not only performs vertebral augmentation; he also offers DXA scans and T-score analysis, prescribes osteoanabolic agents, and follows up with patients over time. Dr. Beall cites data showing that both vertebral augmentation and osteoporosis medications can improve patients’ quality of life and significantly reduce mortality. Even with newer osteoanabolic agents like Teriparatide, Abaloparatide, and Romosozumab being approved for treatment, osteoporosis screening rates have dropped in recent years. This is a pressing concern, since osteoporosis is a growing societal burden, given the increasing population of elderly patients. Furthermore, treatment of osteoporosis allows patients to regain mobility, which reduces comorbidities. We finish this episode by discussing how IRs have the potential to learn about osteoanabolic medications, counsel patients, and take ownership of this disease process. --- RESOURCES Dr. Douglas Beall Twitter: @DougBeall BackTable VI Episode 94, Innovation in Spine Interventions with Dr. Douglas Beall: https://www.backtable.com/shows/vi/podcasts/94/innovation-in-spine-interventions Number Needed to Treat with Vertebral Augmentation to Save a Life: http://www.ajnr.org/content/early/2019/12/19/ajnr.A6367 Risk of Mortality Following Clinical Fractures: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11069188/ Prospective and Multicenter Evaluation of Outcomes for Quality of Life and Activities of Daily Living for Balloon Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Vertebral Compression Fractures: The EVOLVE Trial: https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Fulltext/2019/01000/Prospective_and_Multicenter_Evaluation_of_Outcomes.20.aspx

23 Maj 202231min

En este episodio de BackTable, Dra. Gina Landinez habla con el Dr. Alejandro Mejia, cirujano trasplante de Methodist Dallas, y la Dra. Pilar Bayona, radiologista intervencionista de UT Southwestern, sobre la colaboración entre los cirujanos trasplantes y los radiólogos intervencionistas durante los trasplantes de hígados. Hablan sobre el papel de los radiólogos intervencionistas durante los periodos críticos de trasplante: el preoperatorio, el perioperatorio, y el postoperatorio. The CME experience for this Podcast is powered by CMEfy - click here to reflect and unlock credits & more: https://earnc.me/rkKX8a --- CHECK OUT OUR SPONSOR Laurel Road for Doctors https://www.laurelroad.com/healthcare-banking/

20 Maj 202247min

We talk with interventional cardiologist Dr. Gary Ansel about his career in medical device innovation, including the development of the Ansel Guiding Sheath and the Pounce Thrombectomy System (which was recently acquired by Surmodics, Inc.). --- EARN CME Reflect on how this Podcast applies to your day-to-day and earn AMA PRA Category 1 CMEs: https://earnc.me/3y4ysO --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, our host Dr. Bryan Hartley interviews interventional cardiologist Dr. Gary Ansel about his career in medical device innovation, including the development of the Ansel Guiding Sheath and the Pounce Thrombectomy System (which was recently acquired by Surmodics). Dr. Ansel describes his early career and how he identified a clinical need within the realm of renal stenting. His collaboration with Cook Medical evolved into a guiding sheath that has now become widely popular. Dr. Ansel stresses the importance of ensuring that a device has a value proposition for all stakeholders– patients, doctors, hospitals, and payers. The added cost of a new device must provide overall benefits to the procedure. Next, we discuss Dr. Ansel’s development of a percutaneous thrombectomy system over the course of twelve years, multiple patent applications, and various obstacles. Throughout this process, Dr. Ansel highlights the benefits of having the expertise of a knowledgeable business team. He also tells new entrepreneurs to focus on de-risking their ideas with patents and early sales, in order to make their offerings more attractive to potential investors and acquirers. --- RESOURCES Ansel Guiding Sheath: https://www.cookmedical.com/products/dfdfc483-b37b-49f2-8a78-937bf16ae831/ Pounce Thrombectomy System: https://pouncesystem.com/

16 Maj 202255min

As part of our Health Equity Series Dr. Vishal Kumar talks with Shane Snowdon about current challenges in healthcare for LGTBQ+ patients, how we can improve communication, reduce fear and misunderstanding, and be a true patient advocate, starting with our own education. The CME experience for this Podcast is powered by CMEfy - click here to reflect and unlock credits & more: https://earnc.me/moP2eJ --- SHOW NOTES In this episode, guest host Dr. Vishal Kumar and educator/advocate Shane Snowdon discuss unique barriers to care for LGBTQ+ individuals, as well as strategies for healthcare providers can create nonjudgemental environments for this community. Shane starts by outlining the history of LGBTQ+ healthcare in the United States, noting that it first came to public attention in the midst of the HIV/AIDS epidemic of the 1980s. In the 2020s, the major concerns for LGBTQ+ health access have been centered around gender-affirming care for youths and adults. Shane emphasizes that the process of coming out to healthcare providers empowers LGTBQ+ individuals to “claim an identity that they had been taught to dispense and conceal.” The concern is that when they become known as LGBTQ+, will the provider and system treat them and their families with the respect and care with which they treat people who do not identify as LGBTQ+? Shane says that discrimination in healthcare makes it more likely for patients to delay their screenings and follow up appointments, leading to less engagement in care and worse medical outcomes. Next, we shift to discuss specific patient-provider communication techniques. Shane addresses the fact that there will be moments when providers make the mistake of misgendering patients. Shane advises providers to acknowledge the mistake in the moment, apologize, and affirm the patient’s self identity. This well-meaning approach can help build trust and give the provider an opportunity to specify the patient’s preferred identifiers in the electronic health record. Furthermore, we discuss the unique role of the radiologist in providing LGBTQ+ care, as it is often radiologists who learn that someone is transgender, through imaging. Radiologists can reach out to the patient in a sensitive and respectful way and notify their colleagues of the need for clarification in the electronic medical record. Finally, we discuss healthcare systems and the need for foundational policies, integrated education about LGBTQ+ patients across all healthcare topics, and adequate resources for LGBTQ+ staff and patients. Shane highlights the Healthcare Equality Index, a specific tool that healthcare systems can use to self-assess their level of health equity and learn additional strategies to make their care more LGBTQ+-friendly. --- RESOURCES Healthcare Equality Index: https://www.hrc.org/resources/healthcare-equality-index Transgender Patients: What Radiologists Need to Know: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29629811/ Physicians as Political Pawns– The Texas Directive on Gender-Affirming Care and Other Moves: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2203746 Affordable Care Act, Section 1557: https://www.hhs.gov/civil-rights/for-individuals/section-1557/index.html The Trevor Project: https://www.thetrevorproject.org/ Gender Spectrum: https://genderspectrum.org/ The Joint Commission’s LGBTQ+ Field Guide: https://www.jointcommission.org/-/media/tjc/documents/resources/patient-safety-topics/health-equity/lgbtfieldguide_web_linked_verpdf.pdf?db=web&hash=FD725DC02CFE6E4F21A35EBD839BBE97&hash=FD725DC02CFE6E4F21A35EBD839BBE97 Transgender and Gender Diverse Health Care: The Fenway Guide: https://www.amazon.com/Transgender-Gender-Diverse-Health-Care-ebook/dp/B09648R5HG

13 Maj 202253min