Assessing the risks of civilian harm from military cyber operations during armed conflicts
How can countries at war assess the potential harm that cyber operations may cause to civilians? In this post, part of our series on avoiding civilian harm during military cyber operations, Ellie Sham...
22 Juni 202112min
The principle of non-refoulement under Islamic law and international law
As we mark World Refugee Day this year, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has announced new and staggering figures, ones that have been growing steadily over the past ten years. By the end...
18 Juni 202111min
Stepping into the breach: military responses to global cyber insecurity
As the global geo-political landscape continues to experience increasing fragmentation, cyberspace grows in importance as a future conflict domain. Military-strategic understandings of cyber warfare –...
17 Juni 202114min
Avoiding civilian harm during military cyber operations: six key takeaways
In today’s armed conflicts, cyber operations are increasingly used in support of and alongside kinetic operations. Several States have publicly acknowledged such use, and many more are developing mili...
15 Juni 202113min
If not us, who? How States implement the legal framework protecting the environment from conflict
The International Law Commission’s long-running project to codify and progressively develop the legal framework protecting the environment in relation to armed conflicts is nearing completion. But the...
10 Juni 202112min
Protecting the environment during armed conflict: IHL and Islamic law
Protecting the environment during armed conflict is garnering renewed attention in light of the ongoing climate and environment crisis. At its root, however, this is not a new phenomenon. It can be se...
3 Juni 202113min
Feasible precautions during urban attacks: the ‘art’ of the practically possible
Every military operation conducted within a city is likely to affect the people living there, a reality reflected in the law of war rules that oblige the taking of precautionary measures to spare the ...
1 Juni 202116min
Data-driven environmental decision-making and action in armed conflict
A digital revolution through a myriad of earth observation data and open-source investigations is reshaping our understanding of the environmental causes and consequences of armed conflicts. From spat...
1 Juni 202115min
