Syntax - Tasty Web Development Treats

It’s another Potluck! In this episode, Scott and Wes answer your questions about immutability, turning off your brain, managing copy on a website, problem-solving, types vs interfaces, hooks vs components, and more! Freshbooks - Sponsor Get a 30 day free trial of Freshbooks at freshbooks.com/syntax and put SYNTAX in the “How did you hear about us?” section. LogRocket - Sponsor LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax. Coudinary - Sponsor Cloudinary is the best way to manage images and videos in the cloud. Edit and transform for any use case, from performance to personalization, using Cloudinary’s APIs, SDKs, widgets, and integrations. Show Notes 01:24 - I’m finally getting onboard with the GraphQL train and have a specific question about nomenclature. Having worked with redux in the past, IMMUTABILITY was a concept ingrained in my head. I continue to see benefits of immutable updates across all sorts of libraries, frameworks, vanilla js, etc. Learning about GraphQL now, I’m taken aback by the fact that CUD (create, update, delete) operations are called MUTATIONS. Is there a reason that we use the “mutation” terminology, despite the fact that best practices dictate that we should implement immutable updates to objects? Does GraphQL actually mutate objects behind the scenes? 06:38 - How do you sleep at night?!? I mean, how do you switch off your brain when you’re trying to go to sleep and your brain just wants to keep on coding? 12:15 - How do you manage copy and microcopy on a site? Should you put every piece of text across the entire site into a CMS so the client can change it? Or just the parts you think may be updated in the future? Or do you just hard-code everything directly into the markup? Or collect it all into an importable JSON file? 21:41 - I am new to using CMSs and I was wondering for applications that require a lot of content management where a CMS or headless CMS such as Contentful is ideal but also requires dynamic queries such as recommended content to the end-user based on browsing history. How do you approach integrating the user data in combination with the data being received and handled from the CMS? A separate API and database? Or is this a scenario that a CMS doesn’t fit? 25:56 - When solving a problem, do you do it through trial and error? Or do you carefully think through every solution and choose the best one before actually implementing it into code? 28:14 - How can we take advantage of this new partnership between 1Password + SecretHub! I feel like this is getting into DotEnv but sounds so much more interesting. 32:34 - When creating types in TypeScript, when should someone use a type over an interface? While I generally understand the differences, it seems like interfaces offer more flexibility. I am struggling to understand why I would ever use a type. 36:34 - I’ve recently started using TypeScript in React, and typically I’m just using function components. I’ve seen some people saying that classes are really great with TypeScript in React but I haven’t found any real use case/benefits myself yet. How about you guys, do you use classes in React/TypeScript? 38:17 - What are your opinions on generators like Yeoman? 44:26 - I’ve been looking for a career in web for a couple of years now and I’ve recently landed a job with a small agency getting paid hourly making WordPress websites, that I’ll be starting in two weeks. I’m worried that I’m going to get stuck pushing Divi sites all the time. I know this is a good opportunity for me but I was hoping you guys can shed some light and give me some tips on how I can put my skills to good use. 48:35 - What are your approaches for caching a GraphQl API? 52:30 - You mentioned in an earlier Potluck that Svelte is probably the easiest framework to learn. How confident can one be to start a new project with Svelte? Being a technical lead, can I propose our team to work with Svelte? Are there enough material/solution on the web and is the community established? Links ZMA Supplement Tina https://twitter.com/gusfune/status/1372243283758419977 1Password SecretHub TypeScript Syntax 348: TypeScript Fundamentals — Getting a Bit Deeper Syntax 042: Potluck EP × Vue.js × Headless WP × Typescript & Flow × Productivity × Server Side Rendering × Yeoman https://www.npmjs.com/package/zx Yeoman Mercurius Apollo Svelte ××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ××× Scott: Contigo Shake & Go Wes: Deli Containers Shameless Plugs Scott: 1: Become a Level Up Tutorials Author 2: Level Up Tutorials Pro Spring Sale - 50% off annual subscriptions! Wes: All Courses - Use the coupon code ‘Syntax’ for $10 off! Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

9 Juni 20211h 2min

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about Wes’ experiment building a vaccine bot! Sanity - Sponsor Sanity.io is a real-time headless CMS with a fully customizable Content Studio built in React. Get a Sanity powered site up and running in minutes at sanity.io/create. Get an awesome supercharged free developer plan on sanity.io/syntax. Sentry - Sponsor If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up. Show Notes 07:32 - First step Finding the data. Open up dev tools. Copy as Node.js Fetch in Chrome Two ways to do this - Puppeteer, or raw requests, or a mix. 11:03 - Variablizing it Store IDs Booking form IDs Vaccine IDs 12:56 - Finding out any restrictions Is there a cookie? Is there an XSRF? Do these things change? How often can you hit it? 15:20 - Caching Array variable 16:59 - Delivering the notifications Telegram Links https://github.com/wesbos/vaxbot Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

7 Juni 202124min

In this episode of Syntax, Scott and Wes talk about using React with Typescript — how to set it up, components, state, props, passing data, custom hooks, and more! Freshbooks - Sponsor Get a 30 day free trial of Freshbooks at freshbooks.com/syntax and put SYNTAX in the “How did you hear about us?” section. Sentry - Sponsor If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up. Linode - Sponsor Whether you’re working on a personal project or managing enterprise infrastructure, you deserve simple, affordable, and accessible cloud computing solutions that allow you to take your project to the next level. Simplify your cloud infrastructure with Linode’s Linux virtual machines and develop, deploy, and scale your modern applications faster and easier. Get started on Linode today with a $100 in free credit for listeners of Syntax. You can find all the details at linode.com/syntax. Linode has 11 global data centers and provides 24/7/365 human support with no tiers or hand-offs regardless of your plan size. In addition to shared and dedicated compute instances, you can use your $100 in credit on S3-compatible object storage, Managed Kubernetes, and more. Visit linode.com/syntax and click on the “Create Free Account” button to get started. Show Notes 04:55 - Components Strategies Example: type Props = { value: string; } const App = (props: Props) => Return type? JSX.Element FC or FunctionComponent It’s discouraged for this reason: It means that all components accept children, even if they're not supposed to It could be useful for a return type 12:13 - Props Default props: const defaultJoke: JokeProps = { joke: 'LOL JOE', id: 'YEAH', status: 200, }; function JokeItem({ joke = defaultJoke }: JokeProps): JSX.Element { return ( {joke.joke} = {joke.id} ); } Because props are always destructured, you often have to make a new type for your props. You can’t just type each argument by itself. 18:38 - State Just like Generics, State can be inferred If your type is simple and you’re using useState, it just works: const [user, setUser] = useState(null); 22:27 - useEffect Nothing special required Good use of void: If you want to use a Promise function but not worry about await or .then(), you can pop a void in front of it: useEffect(() => { console.log('Mounted'); // getJoke().then(console.log).catch(console.error); void getJoke(); }, [getJoke]); 26:09 - Refs Very similar to state however some interesting things with null: const ref1 = useRef(null!); “Instantiating the ref with a current value of null but lying to TypeScript that it’s not null.” 29:33 - Custom Hooks This is a great use case for Tuples 31:00 - Context This is probably the most complex thing in this list First define the types Use generic to pass in types OR null This can also be non-null if you have default values in createContext: const AppCtx = React.createContext(null); 35:21 - Events The React events system is better than Vanilla JS Can handle them inline and have it inferred: onClick={e ⇒ yeah(e.target)} const onSetType = (e: React.ChangeEvent) => setType(e.target.value) React has a bunch of events built in — many of them take a Generic argument so you can specify the type of element that triggered it. Handy for native API methods like play and pause. 39:27 - ForwardRef Again use of to pass in forwarded ref type as param 1, Props types as param 2: type Props = { children: React.ReactNode; type: "submit" | "button" }; export type Ref = HTMLButtonElement; export const FancyButton = React.forwardRef((props, ref) => ( {props.children} )); 41:30 - ESLint Typescript-react is good Extend your own Most JS rules apply to TS 46:20 - React as Global React 17 Also add JSX: True to eslint globals for typing things like JSX.Element global.d.ts import * as react from "react" import * as react_dom from "react-dom" declare global { type React = typeof react type ReactDOM = typeof react_dom } 48:08 - TSConfig jsx: "react" React emit .js files with JSX changed Preserve .jsx file output React-native → .js files with jsx not changed 53:05 - Frameworks? Next.js makes this a TREAT Gatsby just use .tsx extensions https://www.gatsbyjs.com/plugins/gatsby-plugin-ts-config/ Links https://github.com/typescript-cheatsheets/react Tanner Linsley https://github.com/wesbos/eslint-config-wesbos Deno Architect https://fav.farm/ Snowpack Vite Parcel 2 Foam ××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ××× Scott: Obsidian Wes: Folding Allen Keys Shameless Plugs Scott: 1: Level Up Tutorials Pro Spring Sale - 50% off annual subscriptions! 2: SvelteKit Course Wes: Beginner Javascript Course - Use the coupon code ‘Syntax’ for $10 off! Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

2 Juni 20211h 12min

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about making money as a creator — how to do what you love, make money doing it, and not feel yucky about it! Deque - Sponsor Deque’s axe DevTools makes accessibility testing easy and doesn’t require special expertise. Find and fix issues while you code. Get started with a free trial of axe DevTools Pro at deque.com/syntax. No credit card needed. LogRocket - Sponsor LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax. Show Notes 06:37 - Community supported Sell licenses Premium plugin Single payment $x per year Sell training Online In-person Sell support Donation-supported Patreon (usually has bonus content) Tips Open Collective Sell merch Teespring 16:00 - Corporation supported Display ads Sponsored segments Corporate sponsors Sponsored content Interesting collabs Stickers Links Syntax 330: React Query + More React with Tanner Linsley Syntax 340: Servers with Matt from Caddy Wes’ CSS Grid Course Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

31 Maj 202125min

In this episode of Syntax, Scott and Wes bike shed some common developer opinions. Prismic - Sponsor Prismic is a Headless CMS that makes it easy to build website pages as a set of components. Break pages into sections of components using React, Vue, or whatever you like. Make corresponding Slices in Prismic. Start building pages dynamically in minutes. Get started at prismic.io/syntax. LogRocket - Sponsor LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax. Mux - Sponsor Mux Video is an API-first platform that makes it easy for any developer to build beautiful video. Powered by data and designed by video experts, your video will work perfectly on every device, every time. Mux Video handles storage, encoding, and delivery so you can focus on building your product. Live streaming is just as easy and Mux will scale with you as you grow, whether you’re serving a few dozen streams or a few million. Visit mux.com/syntax. Show Notes 04:27 - Event params e, evt, ev, or event? 06:36 - CSS variables —red or —primary? 09:31 - CSS colors https://twitter.com/rem/status/1386694431710007298 RGB, HSL, HEX? 11:52 - Default exports vs named exports 14:45 - JavaScript import ordering 17:09 - Foo / Bar / Baz in examples 21:18 - Light vs dark themes 24:00 - longVerboseNamesDescribingWhatItIsOrDoes vs x 26:54 - VScode vs WebStorm (IDE) vs Vim 31:12 - TypeScript Generics: vs 34:39 - Indentation-base syntax https://twitter.com/LeahLundqvist/status/1386693374305095680 37:37 - Max line length 40:21 - One reduce, vs multiple .map()/flat(),filter() async function getStatus() { const res = await sendCommand('AT!GSTATUS'); const result = res.result .split('\n') .map((x: string) => x.split(`\t\t`)) .flat() .filter(Boolean) .map((x: string) => x.trim()) .map((x: string) => x.split(` \t`)) .flat() .filter((x: string) => x.includes(':')) .map((x: string) => x.split(`:`)) .map(([prop, val]: [string, string]) => [prop, val.trim()]) return Object.fromEntries(result); } 42:50 - index.js files https://twitter.com/sevilhelm/status/1386693971112562694 ComponentName.js vs ComponentName/index.js https://twitter.com/rleggos/status/1386694773021552641 48:20 - Ligatures and fancy fonts https://twitter.com/badsyntax/status/1386695010859507713 50:30 - Regular functions vs anon functions in a variable vs arrow functions function hey() {} const hey = function() {} const hey = () ⇒ {} 52:44 - Explicit return vs implicit return ××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ××× Scott: Ego Mower Wes: Pass-Through Socket Set Shameless Plugs Scott: 1: Level Up Tutorials Pro Spring Sale - 50% off annual subscriptions! 2: Github Actions with Brian Douglas Wes: All Courses - Use the coupon code ‘Syntax’ for $10 off! Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

26 Maj 20211h 3min

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about JavaScript’s drag and drop API — how it works, concerns, best practices, and more! .TECH Domains - Sponsor .TECH is taking the tech industry by storm. A domain that shows the world what you are all about! If you’re looking for a domain name for your startup, portfolio, or your own project like we did with uses.tech, check out .tech Domains. Syntax listeners can snap their .TECH Domains at 80% off on five-year registration by visiting go.tech/syntaxistech and using the coupon code “syntax5”. Sentry - Sponsor If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up. Show Notes 04:45 - What is it? Drag and drop is really for desktop apps You can drag and drop anything from any browser to any browser The important thing here is that this is a set of browser standards that allow different apps to communicate 07:50 - How to implement Make an element draggable Listen on elements for drag events The events bubble up, so you can listen on the parent element as items are added/removed 09:06 - DataTransfer API You can store anything you want in it getData / setData API Reference strings 11:35 - Accepting drops When you dragOver, you need to preventDefault() Calling the preventDefault() method during both a dragEnter and dragOver event will indicate that a drop is allowed at that location 13:01 - Drop Image Set whatever you want 16:00 - Drop Effect What does it look like when you drop it? Does it go back? dataTransfer.effectAllowed e.dataTransfer.setDragImage(nothing, 0, 0); 18:02 - Security concerns 20:34 - Shortcomings: Edge cases out the WAZOO Margin caused dragout events Lots of if statements It’s up to you to do EVERYTHING CSS, classes, hover styles, etc. Accessibility Inaccessible by default, unless using mouse keys Have to announce everything Mobile 26:14 - Lbs Transmat API Links Figma Notion Missive Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

24 Maj 202128min

In this episode of Syntax, Scott and Wes talk about HTML — interesting HTML elements, things you might not know, wish lists for the future, and more! Prismic - Sponsor Prismic is a Headless CMS that makes it easy to build website pages as a set of components. Break pages into sections of components using React, Vue, or whatever you like. Make corresponding Slices in Prismic. Start building pages dynamically in minutes. Get started at prismic.io/syntax. Sentry - Sponsor If you want to know what’s happening with your code, track errors and monitor performance with Sentry. Sentry’s Application Monitoring platform helps developers see performance issues, fix errors faster, and optimize their code health. Cut your time on error resolution from hours to minutes. It works with any language and integrates with dozens of other services. Syntax listeners new to Sentry can get two months for free by visiting Sentry.io and using the coupon code TASTYTREAT during sign up. Cloudinary - Sponsor Cloudinary is the best way to manage images and videos in the cloud. Edit and transform for any use case, from performance to personalization, using Cloudinary’s APIs, SDKs, widgets, and integrations. Show Notes 02:34 - What is semantic HTML? What is the content? HTML should describe the content first and foremost. 04:04 - Why semantic HTML? Accessibility SEO Styling is easier HTML tags that have meaning: Almost all of them Common ones: / and to 20:04 - Structural / Layout tags You can have more than one header Header cannot be in a footer / address / header 26:18 - Some fun ones you might not know / and strike? / / A ruby annotation is a small extra text, attached to the main text to indicate the pronunciation or meaning of the corresponding characters. and While is used to convey how much work in a task has been completed, the element is used to display a measurement on a known scale. This could be something like the current disk usage on your computer, or a temperature measurement (within a defined range). 32:12 - Visual vs Semantic tags Almost all tags in HTML are semantic vs and vs and are NOT deprecated like many have said The element is for content that is of greater importance, while the element is used to draw attention to text without indicating that it's more important. 35:40 - HTML tags with no meaning: 37:51 - Some elements have special functionality or styling and tag + 40:59 - What elements would we like to see? Modal element https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/dialog Textarea that grows with content Animated accordion A better table One that works with grid/flex/modern CSS, auto-sizing, max/min widths From Twitter: VirtualList Carousel - HOT DRAMA Date range Hero tag that figured its level out by itself. Useful for components that can go anywhere Icon tag Cookie banner tag that shows HTML elements without encoding You can kinda do this with display block on script and style tags Links Sara Soueidan ××× SIIIIICK ××× PIIIICKS ××× Scott: Hat Washer Wes: Netflix's This is a Robbery Shameless Plugs Scott: 1: Become a Level Up Tutorials Author 2: Github Actions with Brian Douglas - Sign up for the year and save 25%! Wes: All Courses - Use the coupon code 'Syntax' for $10 off! Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott's Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes' Instagram Wes' Twitter Wes' Facebook Scott's Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

19 Maj 20211h 2min

In this Hasty Treat, Scott and Wes talk about the different kinds of things that are difficult to style, how you can style them, and some future tech to look out for! Sanity - Sponsor Sanity.io is a real-time headless CMS with a fully customizable Content Studio built in React. Get a Sanity powered site up and running in minutes at sanity.io/create. Get an awesome supercharged free developer plan on sanity.io/syntax. LogRocket - Sponsor LogRocket lets you replay what users do on your site, helping you reproduce bugs and fix issues faster. It’s an exception tracker, a session re-player and a performance monitor. Get 14 days free at logrocket.com/syntax. Show Notes Can it be styled? Solutions 04:28 - Just style the defaults Most elements can be styled, though some elements are really just multiple elements grouped together into the shadow dom and are hard to style. This leads to us having to re-create the visual UI, and often is a point of making inaccessible UIs. Select Input - number, date, etc. Very hard to style Often need appearance: none; for mobile Checkbox / Radio Generally speaking, these CSS Properties can be applied to all inputs: font-size color padding margin background / images outline (remember focus) border 08:20 - Overlap with more dom elements, set background images Checkbox / Radio / Toggle buttons Often used :before and :after along with labels — e.g. label + input:checked Select can have element overlap 14:13 - Re-implement the UI with JavaScript Video / Audio HUGE rabbit hole of things to code Very important to maintain accessibility 15:46 - Use a UI Library Bootstrap Foundation Ant Design Carbon Design Fast Lightning Design System Material Design Chakra 17:20 - Open UI Documenting all the different types of web UI controls https://open-ui.org/ https://twitter.com/stubbornella/status/1384889551924121605 Tweet us your tasty treats! Scott’s Instagram LevelUpTutorials Instagram Wes’ Instagram Wes’ Twitter Wes’ Facebook Scott’s Twitter Make sure to include @SyntaxFM in your tweets

17 Maj 202121min