#78 – Ann Druyan: Cosmos, Carl Sagan, Voyager, and the Beauty of Science

David Sinclair is a geneticist at Harvard and author of Lifespan. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off – Clear: https://clearme.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 2 months free – National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives – SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera – Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: David’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/davidasinclair David’s Website: https://lifespanbook.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (09:34) – Staying young at heart (13:31) – Bringing people back to life (19:05) – Wearables and tracking health data (28:18) – How to solve aging (38:23) – Why do we age? (43:50) – Genetic reset switch that reverses aging (46:20) – AI in biology (48:52) – Health data (56:58) – Fasting (1:04:29) – Diet (1:12:41) – Exercise (1:18:01) – Sleep (1:26:29) – Data (1:32:00) – Extending lifespan (1:34:42) – Immortality (1:40:28) – Denial of death (1:43:45) – Meaning of life without death

7 Jun 20211h 49min

Vitalik Buterin is the co-founder of Ethereum. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off – Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit – Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off EPISODE LINKS: Vitalik’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/VitalikButerin Vitalik’s Blog: https://vitalik.ca/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:18) – Shiba Inu story (25:35) – Regulation (29:48) – Crime (34:54) – Proof of stake vs proof of work (47:43) – Miner extractable value (53:19) – Scaling (54:42) – Bitcoin blocksize wars (1:00:51) – Hard fork vs soft fork (1:04:34) – Craig Wright (1:11:18) – Scaling: Sharding (1:18:07) – Scaling: Rollups (1:26:30) – Polygon and other Layer 2 technologies (1:34:11) – Merging PoS and PoW chains (1:43:49) – Lessons learned from Ethereum 2.0 failure incidents (1:52:35) – Bitcoin vs Ethereum (1:58:30) – Dogecoin (2:04:38) – Elon Musk (2:07:15) – Chainlink (2:10:35) – Charles Hoskinson and Cardano (2:18:08) – AI safety (2:23:07) – NFTs (2:25:57) – Scams (2:35:34) – Longevity (2:44:55) – Does death give meaning to life? (2:50:38) – Lex and Vitalik speak Russian (2:54:29) – Meaning of life (2:59:48) – Dan Carlin’s Hardcore History and WWII

3 Jun 20213h 8min

Frank Wilczek is a Nobel Prize winning physicist at MIT. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – The Information: https://theinformation.com/lex to get 75% off first month – NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Frank’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/FrankWilczek Frank’s Website: https://www.frankawilczek.com/ Fundamentals: Ten Keys to Reality (book): https://amzn.to/3vLPyQB PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:39) – Are there limits to what physics can understand? (17:31) – Beautiful ideas in physics (25:59) – Space and time are really big (29:47) – There are billions of thoughts in a human life (37:09) – Big bang (45:31) – How life emerged in the universe (51:33) – Aliens (1:01:25) – Consciousness (1:08:53) – Limits of physics (1:14:29) – Complimentary principle (1:23:34) – Free will (1:29:47) – Particles (1:35:10) – Nobel Prize in Physics (1:48:24) – Axions and dark matter (2:03:50) – Time crystals (2:08:42) – Theory of everything (2:18:10) – Advice for young people (2:23:52) – Meaning of life

29 Mai 20212h 30min

Bryan Johnson is the founder and CEO of Kernel, OS Fund, and previously Braintree. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off – NetSuite: http://netsuite.com/lex to get free product tour – Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Bryan’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/bryan_johnson Bryan’s Website: https://www.bryanjohnson.co/ Kernel’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/KernelCo Kernel’s Website: https://www.kernel.com/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (06:57) – Kernel Flow demo (16:10) – The future of brain-computer interfaces (49:39) – Existential risk (55:18) – Overcoming depression (1:10:36) – Zeroth principles thinking (1:18:50) – Engineering consciousness (1:25:03) – Privacy (1:29:33) – Neuralink (1:39:11) – Braintree and Venmo (1:54:54) – Eating one meal a day (2:01:07) – Sleep (2:20:49) – Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro (2:27:47) – Advice for young people (2:32:23) – Meaning of life

24 Mai 20212h 37min

Sam Harris is an author, podcaster, and philosopher. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives – Belcampo: https://belcampo.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off first order – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil – Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: Sam’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/SamHarrisOrg Sam’s Website: https://samharris.org/ Sam’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNAxrHudMfdzNi6NxruKPLw PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:18) – Where do thoughts come from? (14:18) – Consciousness (31:50) – Psychedelics (41:14) – Nature of reality (58:09) – Free will (1:56:55) – Ego (2:05:59) – Joe Rogan (2:08:59) – How will human civilization destroy itself? (2:16:27) – AI (2:37:10) – Jordan Peterson (2:45:12) – UFOs (2:53:02) – Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (3:02:47) – Love (3:13:50) – Meaning of life

20 Mai 20213h 23min

Katherine de Kleer is a professor of Planetary Science and Astronomy at Caltech. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Fundrise: https://fundrise.com/lex – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off EPISODE LINKS: Katherine’s Website: http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~dekleer/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:07) – Pluto (12:14) – Kuiper belt (16:12) – How to study planets and moons (19:54) – Volcanoes on Io – moon of Jupiter (32:25) – Is there life in the oceans of Europa? (41:46) – How unlikely is life on Earth? (52:15) – Life on Venus (54:30) – Mars (1:01:17) – What is interesting about Earth as a planet? (1:11:55) – Weather patterns (1:17:04) – Asteroids (1:26:06) – Will an asteroid hit Earth soon? (1:34:50) – Oumuamua (1:50:00) – Book recommendations (1:56:37) – Advice for young people

17 Mai 20212h 2min

Po-Shen Loh is a mathematician at CMU and coach of the USA International Math Olympiad team. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – The Jordan Harbinger Show: https://jordanharbinger.com/lex/ – Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings – LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack EPISODE LINKS: Po’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/poshenloh Po’s Website: https://www.poshenloh.com/ Daily Challenges: https://daily.poshenloh.com/ NOVID: https://www.novid.org/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:51) – Planes and bridges (12:28) – Writing a computer game from scratch (14:54) – Programming competitions (18:28) – Math is hard (23:59) – Contact tracing that preserves privacy (1:01:16) – Math Olympiad (1:16:57) – Hard math problem (1:24:14) – Is math discovered or invented? (1:29:09) – Intelligence (1:35:59) – Math education (1:40:10) – How to learn math (1:49:06) – Combinatorics (1:52:13) – Voting trees (2:02:36) – Stochastic coalescence (2:12:23) – P=NP (2:16:39) – Tolkien and WWII (2:19:00) – Advice for young people (2:21:05) – Meaning of life

14 Mai 20212h 27min

John Danaher is a coach, scholar, and educator of jiu jitsu, submission grappling, judo, MMA, and the martial arts. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit – SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera – Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit – Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit EPISODE LINKS: John’s Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/danaherjohn PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:02) – Fear of death (17:18) – The path to greatness (22:57) – Judo (27:07) – Seoi nage judo throw (39:21) – Fundamentals of jiu jitsu (45:34) – Developing new techniques (53:24) – Value of training with lower belts (1:03:23) – Escaping bad positions (1:10:18) – Submissions (1:14:30) – Reinventing yourself in 5 years (1:30:38) – Drilling (1:49:10) – Leglock system (2:08:44) – How hard is it to break a leg? (2:12:52) – Greatest jiu jitsu player ever (2:17:42) – Roger Gracie (2:22:25) – Gordon Ryan (2:27:16) – Georges St-Pierre (2:36:26) – Superintelligent Robot vs Cyborg Gordon Ryan (3:12:07) – Advice to white belts (3:15:24) – What does it take to get a black belt (3:16:09) – Best martial art for street fighting (3:23:23) – Tie chokes (3:27:44) – Austin (3:32:23) – Meaning of life

9 Mai 20213h 43min