#78 – Ann Druyan: Cosmos, Carl Sagan, Voyager, and the Beauty of Science

Sergey Nazarov is the Co-Founder of Chainlink, a decentralized oracle network that provides data to smart contracts. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Wine Access: https://wineaccess.com/lex to get 20% off first order – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off – Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off EPISODE LINKS: Sergey’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/SergeyNazarov Chainlink Website: https://chain.link/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:56) – Hedgy (08:22) – Digital vs physical world (16:16) – Definitive truth (20:31) – Decentralized finance (29:00) – Smart contracts (35:16) – Hybrid smart contracts and oracle networks (52:02) – Applications of smart contracts (1:10:08) – AI and smart contracts (1:17:40) – What agreements can be turned into smart contracts? (1:28:43) – Privacy (1:39:01) – Trust (1:54:36) – Bitcoin (2:02:50) – Satoshi Nakamoto (2:10:10) – Ethereum (2:15:59) – Chainlink design decisions (2:28:27) – Dogecoin (2:32:44) – Book recommendations (2:44:54) – Advice for young people (2:56:58) – Meaning of life

1 Mai 20210s

Jeremi Suri is a historian at UT Austin. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack – Munk Pack: https://munkpack.com and use code LEX to get 20% off – Belcampo: https://belcampo.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off first order – Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off – Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Jeremi’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/JeremiSuri Jeremi’s Website: http://jeremisuri.net This is Democracy Podcast: http://jeremisuri.net/archives/1798 The Impossible Presidency (book): https://amzn.to/2QKC5Jp PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (14:33) – Power of charisma (20:24) – US presidency (31:10) – Aliens (36:17) – Bill Clinton (39:07) – Students of history (43:58) – George Washington (46:44) – Putin (53:27) – FDR (1:08:39) – Henry Kissinger (1:18:32) – Realpolitik (1:30:22) – What is a just war? (1:36:27) – Cold war (1:40:44) – Communism in the United States (1:50:42) – Vaccines and the future of the human species (1:55:57) – Book recommendations (1:57:31) – Learning another language (2:01:58) – Advice for young people (2:08:10) – Grandmother (2:11:03) – Meaning of life

30 Apr 20212h 14min

Georges St-Pierre is a martial artist. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Allform: https://allform.com/lex to get 20% off – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium – Theragun: https://theragun.com/lex to get 30 day trial – The Information: https://theinformation.com/lex to get 75% off first month EPISODE LINKS: GSP’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/GeorgesStPierre GSP’s Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/georgesstpierre/ GSP’s Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/georgesstpierre GSP’s Website: https://www.gspofficial.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:09) – Love of winning (11:01) – Suffering (12:03) – Fasting (22:01) – Carnivore (28:30) – Fear (36:02) – Strategy (39:12) – Mind games (42:54) – Mental games (48:00) – Science of fighting (1:11:39) – GOAT (1:15:22) – A fight vs Khabib (1:25:03) – Free will (1:28:49) – Consciousness (1:31:05) – AI (1:41:13) – Aliens (1:52:21) – Dreams (1:57:55) – Father (2:02:58) – Life and love (2:17:07) – Advice for young people (2:19:28) – How to learn (2:22:55) – Bruce Lee (2:26:04) – Tie choke (2:32:49) – Best martial art for self-defense (2:37:28) – Meaning of life

26 Apr 20210s

Michael Malice is an anarchist. Yaron Brook is an objectivist. Both are podcasters and authors. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Ground News: https://ground.news/lex – Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX to get $15 off – Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil – Brave: https://brave.com/lex – Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off EPISODE LINKS: Michael’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/michaelmalice Michael’s Community: https://malice.locals.com/ Michael’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5tj5QCpJKIl-KIa4Gib5Xw Michael’s Website: http://michaelmalice.com/about/ Yaron’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/yaronbrook Yaron’s YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/ybrook Yaron’s Website: https://yaronbrookshow.com/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (09:43) – Desert island thought experiment (15:00) – Communism (18:30) – Immanuel Kant (19:39) – Donald Hoffman (30:10) – DMT elves (38:52) – Humility (55:45) – Jordan Peterson and religion (1:05:23) – Ben Shapiro: facts don’t care about your feelings (1:19:23) – Why Ayn Rand is controversial (1:41:01) – Selfishness (1:44:43) – Communism and fascism (2:11:42) – Authoritarianism (2:20:02) – Bitcoin (2:46:13) – Anarchy debate (3:44:08) – Dangers of communism (3:49:47) – Favorite character in Ayn Rand s Atlas Shrugged (3:58:25) – Advice for young people (4:15:24) – Does love require sacrifice? (4:23:12) – Back to the island

24 Apr 20210s

Risto Miikkulainen is a computer scientist at UT Austin. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – The Jordan Harbinger Show: https://jordanharbinger.com/lex/ – Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium – Belcampo: https://belcampo.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off first order – Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit EPISODE LINKS: Risto’s Website: https://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/risto/ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (06:51) – If we re-ran Earth over 1 million times (10:08) – Would aliens detect humans? (12:46) – Evolution of intelligent life (16:31) – Fear of death (22:47) – Hyenas (26:12) – Language (29:43) – The magic of programming (35:43) – Neuralink (43:15) – Surprising discoveries by AI (46:49) – How evolutionary computation works (58:12) – Learning to walk (1:01:25) – Robots and a theory of mind (1:10:29) – Neuroevolution (1:20:47) – Tesla Autopilot (1:24:11) – Language and vision (1:29:53) – Aliens communicating with humans (1:35:29) – Would AI learn to lie to humans? (1:42:03) – Artificial life (1:46:56) – Cellular automata (1:52:32) – Advice for young people (1:57:09) – Meaning of life

19 Apr 20212h 2min

Robert Breedlove is a decentralized finance entrepreneur, philosopher, and podcaster. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Fundrise: https://fundrise.com/lex – LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack – Munk Pack: https://munkpack.com and use code LEX to get 20% off – BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off EPISODE LINKS: Robert’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/Breedlove22 Robert’s Linktree: https://linktr.ee/breedlove22 What is Money Show: https://www.youtube.com/c/RobertBreedlove22 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:46) – Sovereignty (15:50) – Territorial imperative (20:28) – Property (26:33) – Anarchism (29:11) – Inflation is theft (33:35) – Volatility is truth (38:14) – Taleb and Bitcoin (42:22) – Life is information propagating through flesh (53:21) – Intelligence (57:34) – Space and time (1:04:16) – Pragmatic truth (1:15:14) – Creative destruction (1:19:03) – Capitalism vs Communism (1:31:46) – Jordan Peterson on religion (1:36:03) – Inflation (1:39:54) – What is money? (1:53:30) – What is Bitcoin? (2:04:36) – Bitcoin vs other cryptocurrencies (2:12:47) – Can governments ban Bitcoin? (2:25:29) – Bitcoin toxicity is tough love (2:38:47) – Crypto scammers (2:47:58) – Eric Weinstein and Bitcoin (2:54:21) – Satoshi Nakamoto (2:58:51) – Money is energy (3:06:05) – Proof of stake vs proof of work (3:08:45) – Morality (3:23:30) – Collapse of the Soviet Union (3:27:00) – Jordan Peterson and Bitcoin (3:39:28) – Book recommendations (3:58:49) – Advice for young people (4:02:20) – Love

17 Apr 20214h 9min

Yannis Pappas is a comedian and podcaster. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Wine Access: https://wineaccess.com/lex to get 20% off first order – Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium – Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off – Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit EPISODE LINKS: Yannis’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/yannispappas Long Days Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCywn6iboO1P8U7fotfllocw Stand Up Special: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R156F0uXhzk PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (08:39) – Tim Dillon and absolute power (16:00) – Mortality (24:01) – Immortality (31:47) – Dogs (38:26) – Power (43:46) – Hyenas (49:00) – Nature is metal (51:53) – Battle of Crete (59:21) – History is written by the victors (1:04:09) – History Hyenas podcast (1:16:18) – Bernie Madoff (1:19:23) – Jeffrey Epstein (1:24:16) – Hitler (1:26:24) – Conspiracy theories (1:29:34) – Andrew Yang and New York City (1:33:01) – Podcast with Lex’s dad (1:36:09) – Andrew Yang and the prison-industrial complex (1:41:57) – Queen Elizabeth (1:49:04) – Advice for young people

12 Apr 20211h 57min

Tyler Cowen is an economist, writer, and podcaster. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: – Linode: https://linode.com/lex to get $100 free credit – ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free – SimpliSafe: https://simplisafe.com/lex and use code LEX to get a free security camera – Public Goods: https://publicgoods.com/lex and use code LEX to get $15 off EPISODE LINKS: Tyler’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/tylercowen Tyler’s Blog: https://marginalrevolution.com/ Conversations with Tyler (Podcast): https://conversationswithtyler.com/ Big Business (Book): https://amzn.to/2OBPbaK Tyler’s Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyler_Cowen PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: – Check out the sponsors above, it’s the best way to support this podcast – Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman – Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman – LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman – Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here’s the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) – Introduction (07:24) – Economics (09:16) – Nuclear war (16:03) – The American dream (23:16) – Capitalism: pros and cons (29:50) – Is competition good for the world? (31:53) – Free market (32:57) – Anarchy (35:23) – Ayn Rand (40:04) – The case for big business (44:31) – Clubhouse (49:35) – Loneliness (51:47) – Eric Weinstein and economic growth (56:08) – Communism (58:58) – Putin (1:04:29) – China (1:09:21) – UBI (1:13:17) – Disagreement with Eric Weinstein (1:17:09) – Money, Bitcoin, and Ethereum (1:25:20) – WallStreetBets (1:29:16) – MIT (1:36:44) – UFO sightings (1:44:03) – Contemporary art is misunderstood (1:51:06) – Mexican food is the best in the world (1:55:56) – Jiro Dreams of Sushi (1:59:59) – Book recommendations (2:02:15) – Advice for young people (2:05:53) – Love (2:11:35) – Mortality (2:13:25) – Meaning of life

10 Apr 20212h 15min