Episode 76 - Conditional form nara (how to say if, when)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSRZr3gvCj0&t=582s

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Conditional form なら

The function is to respond to someone in a given context. Regarding the other conditional words, you can set a context by yourself. However, you can use …なら only when given a context.

Tanaka-san ga iku nara, watashi mo ikimasu

With the above example, Tanaka-san first said “I will go to the drinking session,” and then you respond to it like “If you said so…” and “if that is the case…” The conjugation is just to attach なら to the plain (dictionary) form or the ta-form, which is the only one case that you can attach conditional words to the two forms. Note: You don’t attach だ when you use nouns and na-adjectives.

食べます ➝ 食べるなら ➝ taberu nara➝ if you eat

食べません ➝ 食べないなら ➝ tabenai nara➝ if you don't eat

食べました ➝ 食べたなら ➝ tabeta nara➝ if you ate

食べませんでした ➝ 食べなかったなら ➝ tabenakatta nara ➝ if you didn't eat

高い ➝ 高いなら takai ➝ takainara expensive ➝ if it’s expensive

寒い ➝ 寒いなら samui ➝ samuinara cold ➝ If it’s cold

いい ➝ いいなら ii ➝ iinara good ➝ If it’s good

便利 ➝ 便利なら benri ➝ benrinara convenient ➝ If it’s convenient

有名 ➝ 有名なら yuumei ➝ yuumeinara famous ➝ If it’s famous

安全 ➝ 安全なら anzen ➝ anzennara safe ➝ If it’s safe

日本語を話すことができる人がいますか？

nihongo o hanasu koto ga dekiru hito ga imasu ka?

Is there a person who can speak Japanese?

日本語ならトムさんが話すことができますよ！

nihongo nara tomu san ga hanasu koto ga dekimasu yo!

If [you’re talking about] Japanese, Tom can speak [it].

日本語の本を読みたいです。

nihongo no hon o yomitai desu

[I] want to read Japanese book.

読みたいなら私のを貸しましょうか？

yomitai nara watashi no o kashimashou ka?

If [you] want to read, shall [I] lend mine?

私は買い物に行きます。

watashi wa kaimono ni ikimasu.

I will go for a shopping.

買物なら卵を買ってください。

kaimono nara tamago o katte kudasai.

Please buy eggs if [you go] shopping.

日本の料理をたくさん作りました。

nihon no ryouri o takusan tsukurimashita.

[I’ve] made a lot of Japanese cuisines.

たくさん作ったなら私にください。

takusan tsukutta nara watashi ni kudasai.

If [you’ve] made a lot, please give me [some], too.

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