Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Explained | Causes, Symptoms, Staging & Management (OSCE Guide)

In this episode of OSCE Talk, we break down Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a clear, structured, and clinically relevant way.

We cover what CKD actually is, how to recognise it, and—most importantly—how to approach it safely as a medical student or junior doctor.

We start with the definition of CKD and why it matters, before working through the most common causes, including diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic medications.

We then explain the underlying pathophysiology, including nephron loss, hyperfiltration, and why proteinuria develops—linking this directly to key treatments like ACE inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors.

We also cover how CKD presents in real life, from asymptomatic early disease picked up on routine bloods, to advanced uraemia, fluid overload, and complications like anaemia and bone disease.

From there, we go through a practical and safe approach to:

Investigations (eGFR, ACR, bloods, imaging)
Staging (GFR + albuminuria)
Management (blood pressure control, diabetes optimisation, medication choices)
Complication management (anaemia, bone disease, electrolyte imbalance)

We also touch on end-stage kidney disease, including dialysis (haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis) and renal transplant.

Finally, we finish with a clear, structured approach to explaining CKD to a patient in an OSCE, using a simple framework you can apply in exams and clinical practice.

Tämä jakso on lisätty Podme-palveluun avoimen RSS-syötteen kautta eikä se ole Podmen omaa tuotantoa. Siksi jakso saattaa sisältää mainontaa.

Jaksot(57)

Tonsillitis and Otitis Media, Viral VS Bacterial Infections

This episode we look at differentiating viral and bacterial infections, using the feverPAIN score for tonsillitis to rule out viral causes.Otitis media is covered and the importance of identifying red...

23 Touko 9min

Meningitis Overview | OSCE Talk

This episode we focus on meningitis in both adult and paediatric populations, we look at the microbiology, common ways this presents, red flag features, important diagnostic tests and interpretation o...

13 Touko 9min

Tuberculosis: Differentials, Diagnosis, & Management | OSCE Talk

This episode is all about tuberculosis, its diagnosis and management.We look at how to break it down as pulmonary vs extra pulmonary TB, latent vs active TB, and the broad differentials of pneumonia, ...

4 Touko 10min

Breaking Bad News to Patients in the Medical Setting | OSCE Talk

In this episode we focus on breaking bad news to patients.This often comes in the form of breaking diagnosis to patients such as cancer, MS, epilepsy, or even explaining a mistake made by the medical ...

24 Huhti 9min

Levodopa Explained | Parkinson’s Treatment, Side Effects & OSCE Counselling

In this episode of OSCE Talk, we focus on one of the most important medications in neurology — levodopa, the cornerstone of treatment in Parkinson’s disease.We break down how levodopa works, how it sh...

18 Huhti 5min

Parkinson’s Disease Explained | Symptoms, Causes, Differentials & Management | OSCE TALK

In this episode of OSCE Talk, we break down Parkinson’s Disease in a clear, structured, and clinically relevant way.We start with what Parkinson’s actually is — a progressive neurodegenerative conditi...

16 Huhti 12min

Hyperkalaemia Emergency Management | OSCE Talk

This episode focusses on hyperkalaemia and its emergency management.We work through the common causes of hyperkalaemia including renal disease, medications, DKA, burns and rhabdomyolysis. Alongside th...

10 Huhti 10min